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Oxidation Reduction

AQA A Level Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
What is oxidation in terms of oxygen? The gain of oxygen
What is oxidation in terms of electrons? The loss of electrons
What does an oxidising agent do? Donate oxygen/accept electrons (it is reduced)
What is reduction in terms of oxygen? The loss of oxygen
What is reduction in terms of electrons? The gain of electrons
What does a reducing agent do? Accept oxygen/donate electrons (it is oxidised)
What are redox reactions? Reactions in which both oxidation and reduction occur
What is the oxidation state for an element ie Fe/Cl2 Zero
What is the oxidation state of a metal in its compound? The charge on the ion that it forms
What is the oxidation state of an oxygen atom in a compound? it is -2 unless it is in a peroxide (H2O2) when it is -1
What is the oxidation state of an hydrogen atom in a compound? it is +1 unless in a hydride (NaI) when it is -1
What is the oxidation state of Cl in a compound? it is -1 unless when bonded to F/O when it can have positive values
What is disproportionation? A redox reaction in which the oxidation state of some atoms of a particular element increase in oxidation state and of others decrease in oxidation state
What is the oxidation state of chromium in the Cr²⁺ ion? "+2"
What is the oxidation state of chromium in the CrCl₃? "+3"
What is the oxidation number of iron in iron (III) oxide? "+3"
What is the oxiddation state of K in K2MnO4? "+1"
What is the oxiddation state of O in K2MnO4? "-2"
What is the oxiddation state of Mn in K2MnO4? "+6"
Write a half equation to show a sodium atom forming a sodium ion Na → Na+ + e-
"Write a half equation for the following change: Cr2O72- → Cr3+ " Cr2O7 2-+ 14H+ + 6 e- → 2 Cr3+ + 7 H+
Write half equation for MnO4- → Mn2+ and Cl- →Cl2 then combine them 2x(MnO4- +5e- + 8H+ → Mn2+ + 4H2O) + 5x(2Cl- →Cl2 +2e-) = 2MnO4- + 16H+ + 10Cl- → 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5Cl2
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