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Chemistry Vocab

TermDefinition
Chemical Properties Characteristics used to describe how a substance changes or does not change its composition when interacting with other substances
Chemical Change Change that involves a change in composition. Also called a chemical reaction
Composition The chemical makeup of a substance
Extensive Properties Characteristics that depend on the amount of substance present
Intensive Properties Characteristics that do not depend on the amount of substance present
Matter Anything that has mass and volume
Physical Change Change that does not involve a change in composition
Physical Properties Characteristics used to describe matter that are not associated with changing its chemical makeup
Properties Characteristics that are used to describe a substance
Pure Substance Matter that has a definite composition
Atom The basic unit of a chemical element
Electron A negatively charged particle that is outside the nucleus of an atom
Element A pure substance that cannot be changed into simpler substances through chemical or physical means.
Ion A charged particle that results when the number of protons and number of electrons differ
Mass Number The sum of the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an atom
Neutron A particle that has no charge that makes up the nucleus of an atom
Proton A positively charged particle that makes up the nucleus of an atom
Stable In atoms, the condition in which a nucleus is unlikely to undergo decay
Crystal Ions, molecules, or atoms held together in an ordered, three- dimensional arrangement
Molecule Structure The location or atoms, groups, or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type, and location of covalent bonds
Molecule A group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction
Polymer Substance composed of long chain of repeating units
Atomic Mass Average mass of an elements isotopes
Atomic Number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Energy Levels Levels of energy surrounding the nucleus occupied by electrons, also known as orbitals or shells
Group A column in the periodic table
Nucleus Small, dense region at the center of an atom composed of protons and neutrons
Period A row in the periodic table
Representative Elements Series Groups 1,2 and 13-18 on the periodic table, labeled IA- VIIIA
Valence electrons Electrons located in the outermost shell or energy level of an atom
Neutron Neutrally charged particle in the nucleus of an atom
Mass Number The sum of the protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an atom of an element
Reaction Interaction between substances that leads to those substances changing chemically
Atomic Orbital Regions around the nucleus of an atom in which there is a high probability of finding electrons
Periodic Repeating in intervals
Periodic Table A chart that arranges elements in order of atomic number
Isotope Two or more atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons
Periodic Table of The Elements Table that lists all the know chemical elements arranged by increasing atomic number from left to right and from top to bottom
Electronegativity The tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself from an atom of anther element
Compound A substance that is composed of two or more atoms that are bonded together
Covalent Bond Chemical bond in which two atoms share electrons
Ion A charged particle
Ionic Bond Chemical bond in which one or more electron is transferred from one atom to another
Metallic Bond Chemical bond in which a positively charged metal ion and a loosely held valence electron are attracted
Ionic Compound A substance that consists of oppositely charged ions
Created by: zoenicol1
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