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chapter 21

Instrument processing and sterilization

QuestionAnswer
What is an autoclave? is an instrument for sterilization by moist heat under pressure.
What are endospores? it is a resistant, dormant structure formed inside of some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions.
What is a clean area? a place where sterilized instruments, fresh disposable supplies, and prepared trays are stored.
The ultrasonic cleaner works by? sound waves.
What is capable of killing all microorganisms? a sterilizer
What is the first step in processing dental instruments? Transport.
What is a biologic indicator? strips known as spore tests, used to determine if sterilization has occurred or not.
What is referred to as a contaminated area? Is a place where contaminated items are brought for precleaning.
How many steps are in instrument processing? there are 7 steps.
what are the steps in instrument processing? Transport, Cleaning, Packaging, Sterilization, Storage, Delivery, Quality.
Where are process integrators placed? Inside packaging.
Where are process indicators placed? Outside packaging.
How do you rinse an instrument that has been sterilized with a liquid chemical sterilant? You rinse it with sterile water.
What are the classifications of patient care items? Critical Instruments, Semi critical instruments, and Non critical instruments.
What is a critical Instrument? Instrument that is used to penetrate soft tissue or bone.
What are the three form of sterilization monitoring? Biologic, chemical and physical.
What is a semi critical instrument? Instrument that comes in contact with oral tissues but does not penetrate soft tissue or bone.
How many types of heat sterilizers are there? There are 2.
What is wicking? The process that allows bacteria and fungi to penetrate wet sterilization paper.
What is a non critical instrument? Instrument that comes in contact with intact skin only.
How should instruments be handled while holding? The instrument should be placed in a cleaning basket in the holding solution.
How do you sterilize items that cannot withstand heat? putting them in a liquid sterilant or using a high level disinfectant.
What sterilizer can cause corrosion to dental instruments? Ultrasonic sterilization.
What does use life mean? The length of time that a germicidal solution is effective after it has been prepared for use.
What is an ultrasonic cleaner? Is an instrument that loosens and removes debris by sound waves traveling through a liquid.
How many methods of sterilization are there? 4
What are the methods of sterilization? Steam autoclave, Unsaturated chemical vapor, dry heat oven, rapid heat transfer.
What is flash sterilization? sterilizing unpackaged instruments with the use of short exposure times.
True or False Can instruments be wrapped in tin foil? False
True or False You should always use PPE including utility gloves, mask, eyewear, and protective clothing when processing instruments> True
True or false The dental assistant is not exposed to to microorganisms trough contaminated instruments and other patient care items. false
what is a Safety Data Sheet? It is the OSHA's newer term for material data sheet, they are required for each hazardous chemical in a facility.
What is the work flow pattern? Processing of instruments should be in a single loop, from dirty, to clean, to sterile, to storage, without doubling back.
Instruments may be precleaned in three ways; what are they? Hand scrubbing, ultrasonic cleaning, or instruments washing machines.
What is another name for spore testing? Biologic monitoring
Why should instrument be packaged before sterilization? So that they do not become contaminated after sterilization.
What does sterile mean? all microbial forms and spores have been destroyed.
What is dry heat sterilization? It is heating up air and transferring that heat from the air to the instrument.
At what temperature does dry heat sterilizers operate at? 320-350 degrees.
True or False Static air is an example of dry heat sterilization? True
Is disinfection the same as sterile? No, Disinfection refers to the use of liquid chemicals to kill microorganisms on surfaces, while sterilization kills all microorganisms and it is the highest level of microbial kill.
What does precleaning means? Is reducing the number of microorganisms that are present by physically removing debris.
What are the tree levels of disinfection? High-level disinfection, Intermediate-level disinfection, and Low-level disinfection.
What is a high-level disinfectant? Is the process that kills some but not all bacterial endospores and inactivates Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
What is an Intermediate-level disinfectant? It inactivates Mycobacterium tuberculosis and destroys less resistant microorganisms like hepatitis b and human immunodeficiency virus.
What is a Low-level disinfectant? Ineffective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and should be used only in the dental office for housekeeping purposes.
How is a hand piece flushed? Attach a pressurized handpiece cleaner to the intake tube of the handpiece and flush the head of the handpiece to remove debris. Afterwards blow out the handpiece using compressed ait to remove debris before sterilization.
What are the steps in instrument processing? holding, Precleaning, Corrosion control(drying/lubrication), Packaging, Disinfection, Sterilization monitoring, Handling processed instruments.
True or False The OSHA Blood-Borne Pathogens Standards requires biologic monitoring of sterilizers and maintenance of records of the results? True
True or False As a dental assistant you are not legally or ethically responsible for performing proper instrument processing to prevent the transfer of microorganisms from patient to patient. False
Created by: nathalie001
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