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Physiology Of Fluid

week 12 Physiology of Fluid

QuestionAnswer
Match each type of fluid to its description. Intracellular Extracellular Interstitial Intravascular Inside of the cell membrane Outside of the cell membrane Between the cells in the tissues Within the blood vessels
Match each element to its description. Solutes Crystalloids Colloids Electrolytes Substances dissolved in a solvent Solutes that dissolve easily Solutes that do not dissolve easily Charged atoms or molecules
A nursing student demonstrates knowledge of total body water (TBW) with what statement? Infants have a higher percentage of TBW than older or obese patients.
When teaching the importance of hydration to an audience of older persons, what functions of body fluids does the nurse describe? -Lubrication for joints -Body temperature regulation -Transportation of nutrients within the body -Elimination of waste products
Match the blood component with its description. Plasma Platelets Red Blood Cells (RBCs) White Blood Cells (WBCs) Fluid component of blood, acts as transport medium Small, irregularly shaped bodies, control bleeding Most numerous, transport oxygen and carbon dioxide Cellular component of the immune system
A nursing student receives an order for plasma administration and is unsure if this means a whole blood transfusion will be used. The instructor gives which explanation? Plasma can be separated from whole blood; so plasma is used
A patient in the emergency department has experienced blood loss and requires a blood transfusion. ABO compatibility testing is conducted. Which description accurately describes which blood types are compatible? Type AB+ patient can receive blood from a Type 0- donor
On the maternity ward, the nurse takes a careful admission and health history with what understanding of Rh factors? Rh antibodies can develop during pregnancy. Rh antibodies can develop during a blood transfusion. If Rh antibodies have developed, a life threatening reaction can occur.
Match each blood component with its corresponding uses. Whole Blood Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) Cryoprecipitate (factor VIII) Albumin - Major blood loss - Volume expansion, clotting disorders, hemorrhage - Control of various bleeding disorders - Acute kidney injury, burns, trauma
A nursing student correctly describes the process of osmosis with which statement? Water moves from an area of lower concentration of solutes to an area of higher concentration.
Which statements are important for the nurse to know about the filtration process? It is the movement of water and solutes together. Arterial blood pressure affects hydrostatic pressure.
What controls oncotic pressure in the intravascular space and influences the movement of water across the capillary membrane? The concentration of the particles in the water.
How do hydrostatic and oncotic pressures influence the movement of fluid during the filtration process? Filtration across the capillary wall occurs when hydrostatic pressure is greater than oncotic pressure
Order the steps in the process of the thirst mechanism production. Dehydration is detected by osmoreceptors and Receptors stimulate release of ADH by post The thirst center in the hypothalamus The brain produces a conscious awarene Person drinks and kidneys reabsorb fluid. Plasma volume increases, osmolality d
Regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance by the renin-angiotensin system occurs by what processes? Vasoconstriction Release of aldosterone Reabsorption of sodium
A correct understanding of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is indicated by what statement? ADH release is triggered by osmoreceptors and volume receptors
The student nurse is studying the important role of osmoreceptors in regulating fluid balance. It will be important for the student to remember that osmoreceptors are located in which area of the body? Hypothalamus
The nurse admits an older person suffering from chronic alcoholism. Based on which factors would the nurse assess for alteration in total body water (TBW)? Age Overall Health Body Weight Gender
An intravascular fluid sample is to be collected from a patient. Based on the location of this type of fluid, the nurse will inform the patient that the sample will come from what source? Blood specimen
The nurse is preparing a continuing education class that will include information on body fluid components. What should be included in the section on solutes? Colloids do not fully dissolve in a solvent.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a blood disease that has significantly reduced the number of red blood cells. This places the patient at risk for development of what type of problem? Oxygenation
A patient’s blood test report shows positive for Rh factor and no ABO antigen in the blood. The nurse anticipates what type of blood for a transfusion on this patient? Type O+ blood
A nurse helping at a community blood drive is explaining about the components of whole blood. Which components of donated blood can be separated for individual use? Plasma Albumin Cryoprecipitate Red blood cells
The nurse suspects that a patient with heart disease is developing a problem related to hydrostatic pressure. The nurse is aware that which patient factors control hydrostatic pressure? The strength of the patient’s heart muscle contraction The patient’s heart rate The patient’s blood pressure
A patient has developed a kidney disorder that has caused an abnormally low level of plasma protein in the patient’s blood. The nurse is aware that this abnormality may have what effect on the patient’s oncotic pressure? This decreases oncotic pressure, which decreases the amount of water shifting into the blood.
A student nurse is explaining the process of filtration to another student. The explanation should include which information about the pattern of movement? Filtration is the movement of water and solutes from an area of higher net pressure to lower net pressure.
A patient is admitted with a disease that has permanently damaged the posterior pituitary gland such that antidiuretic hormone is no longer being released. The nurse understands that this will alter the patient’s body water homeostasis in what way? Body water will be lost in large volumes.
A frail, confused older age male patient is admitted with dehydration secondary to severe vomiting and diarrhea. The patient is continuously calling for a drink of water even though he is nauseated. The nurse is aware that this patient’s constant thirst s Increased plasma osmolality and decreased plasma volume.
The student nurse is making flashcards to study for an exam focusing on body fluid homeostasis. Which information regarding the renin-angiotensin system should be included on the flashcards? Renin converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I. The renin-angiotensin system regulates fluid balance through vasoconstriction and excretion of sodium and water.
When teaching the importance of hydration to an audience of older persons, what functions of body fluids does the nurse describe? Lubrication for joints Body temperature regulation Transportation of nutrients within the body Elimination of waste products
On the maternity ward, the nurse takes a careful admission and health history with what understanding of Rh factors? Rh antibodies can develop during pregnancy. Rh antibodies can develop during a blood transfusion. If Rh antibodies have developed, a life-threatening reaction can occur.
Which statements are important for the nurse to know about the filtration process? It is the movement of water and solutes together. Arterial blood pressure affects hydrostatic pressure.
Regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance by the renin-angiotensin system occurs by what processes? Vasoconstriction Release of aldosterone Reabsorption of sodium
Created by: Brandi Sizemore
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