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1942A US History
First Semester Final Exam Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reasons why American Colonists settled where they did | So they could execute trading |
| Foundations of American Democracy | House of Burgesses, Mayflower Compact, New England Town Meetings, Albany Plan of the Union |
| Why did the Anti-Federalists oppose the ratification of the Constitution in 1787 | because the Constitution did not include a bill of rights |
| Declaration of Independence | Signed in 1776 by US revolutionaries; it declared the United States as a free state. |
| Thomas Paine and Common Sense | Thomas Paine encouraged the colonies to seek independence. |
| Shay's Rebellion | A series of attacks on courthouses by a small band of farmers led by Revolutionary War Captain Daniel Shays to block foreclosure proceedings. The attacks showed the weakness of government under the Article's of Confederation |
| Louisiana Purchase | 1803 purchase of the Louisiana territory from France. Made by Jefferson, this doubled the size of the US. |
| Missouri Compromise of 1820 | Maine as free state, Missouri as slave state, slavery prohibited north of 36°30' |
| Compromise of 1850 | (1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC |
| Manifest Destiny | the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable. |
| Economic differences of the North and South prior to the Civil War | The South was more agriculturally based while the North was more industrial based. And the North had more advanced transportation services |
| Lincoln's goal in the Civil War | His goal was to preserve the Union |
| Seneca Falls Convention | (1848) the first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written |
| Reconstruction Period | The period after the Civil War in which the states formerly part of the Confederacy were brought back into the United States. And former slaves became citizens. |
| President Andrew Johnson and the Reconstruction Period | There were serious differences between Congress and President Andrew Johnson about how to handle Reconstruction and they eventually led to theImpeachment of President Johnson. |
| Result of the Civil War | North won |
| Black Codes | Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War |
| Native Americans | life was different for them that their country as they knew it was taken away, as well as their means of support |
| Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 | The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was the first significant law that restricted immigration into the United States of an ethnic working group. Is an example of actions that reflected widespread nativist sentiment |
| Indian Wars between 1860-1890 | The settlers moving onto the Great Plains resulted with the Indian Wars |
| Homestead Act of 1862 | this allowed a settler to acquire 160 acres by living on it for five years, improving it by contributing to the development of the Great Plains and paying about $30 |
| Transcontinental Railroad | Railroad connecting the west and east coasts of the continental US and contributed to the development of the Great Plains |
| Development of the Great Plains | The railroads were largely responsible for the development of the Great Plains after the Civil War. An initial wave of settlement was followed by emigration in times of drought. |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment) |
| Reconstruction goals after the Civil War | Heal the bitterness that built up and add the South back to the Union |
| Economic impact of the Civil War | Income tax widened the gap between northern and southern economies, the South's labor force and economic system was destroyed while the northern economy grew. The South was the poorest section of the nation for many decades. |
| Tenements | Urban apartment buildings that served as housing for poor factory workers. Often poorly constructed and overcrowded. |
| Women's' Suffrage Movement | Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony they developed a declaration of women’s rights at the Seneca Falls Convention in New York established during Jacksonian Democracy. |
| Battleship Maine | Sunk off the coast of Cuba. The U.S. blamed the Spanish and used it as an excuse to declare war on Spain |
| Why was the North worried about Great Britain during the Civil War? | The North feared that they might become an ally of the Confederacy |
| Impressments | Policy of the British in the early 1800s to kidnap foreign sailors and force them to serve in their navy. |
| Why did the South secede from the Union? | The first Southern States seceded from the Union after the Wilmot Proviso, which proposed an American law to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War. |
| Trail of Tears | The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. They traveled more than 800 miles to the Indian Territory. More than 4, 00 Cherokees died of cold, disease, and lack of food during the 116-day journey. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Issued by Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free |
| Why could Lincoln not carry out his plan of Reconstruction? | He was assassinated a few days after Lee surrendered |
| Muckrakers | Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public |
| Who had great job opportunities during WWI when they did not before the war? | Black people and women |
| Treaty of Versailles | Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WW I and handed down harsh punishment. |
| rapid growth of cities | urbanization |
| Why did US enter WWI? | To protect American lives To uphold international law. |
| League of Nations | A world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. The United States never joined the League. Essentially powerless, it was officially dissolved in 1946. |
| Progressivism | movement that responded to the pressures of industrialization and urbanization by promoting reforms |
| Americans reaction to WWI | They wanted to be reassured that the U.S. would stay out of the conflict |
| Lusitania sinking | Event where a British passenger liner was downed by a German U-boat attack, killing 128 Americans on board, the US demanded that Germany stopped their unrestricted submarine warfare |
| Zimmermann Telegram (1917) | A proposal from Germany to Mexico, threatening to act together against America. Helps lead U.S. toward war with Germany. |
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RachelMladenoff
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