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8) Ecosystem

Biology Revision Final

QuestionAnswer
What is an ecosystem and its needs? Example (MISSING) Interaction between a community (biotic) and abiotic factors in the environment. It needs energy (solar, chemical energy) and matter (N, P, C,H2O, ect).
Why is the flow of energy linear and why is the flow of matter cyclic? Flow of matter cyclic because Lavoisier's Principle of Conservation of Mass, and flow of energy linear because conservation of energy and entropy of universe must increase (heat)
Draw a Nitrogen cycle Elements: N2, Nitrogen fixation by nitrogen fixing bacteria, Uptake, Assimilation, Consumers, Decomposition, Dead Biomass, Decomposers, Denitrification by denitrifying bacteria
Draw a Phosphorus cycle Elements: Phosphate in rocks, Phosphate in soil, Phosphate in sediments, Sedimentation, Phosphate in water, Consumers, Dead Biomass, Geological processes, weathering
Draw a Water cycle Elements: Water vapor, Droplet water, Groundwater, Transpiration, Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Percolation through soil, Water in the ocean, Water in lakes
Draw a Carbon cycle Elements: CO2, Plants, Consumers, Cellular respiration, Dead biomass, Fossil Fuels, Decomposers, Combustion, Photosynthesis, Carbon fixating, Assimilation
Name nitrogen fixing, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria Nitrogen fixing bacteria: by soil bacteria; symbiotic bacteria in roots and lichen, cyanobateria Nitrifying bacteria: free living in soil or forms symbiotic associations with plants Denitrifying bateria:
Explain the 5 processes of the nitrogen cycle Fixation, Nitrification, assimilation, ammonification and denitrification (see notebook for details)
What are the cause and effect of eutrophication? Since theHaber Process (fertilizer), there's doucle the nitrogen fixation on the planet, which leads to algal blooms and eutrophiation in coastal systems.
How does energy flow? Sun--» producer--» consumers to decomposers. Pro cons and decomp produce heat
What is a food chain? Producer eaten by a consumer, which is eaten by another consumer.
What is a food web? Illustrates the energy transfers in ecosystem. The arrow goes from organism being consumed to consumer
What are the trophic levels and the percent energy transfer between them? Solar energy -(1%)--» Primary Producers -(10%)--» Herbivores--(10%)--» Primary carnivores--(10%)--» Secondary carnivores--(10%). SO, only 10% of energy available from the amount of the preceding trophic level. Exponential decline of the energy available.
What is Net Primary Produtivity (NPP)? (ASK) NPP is the rate of accumulation of biomass and energy, it describes the the effect of respiration on productivity
What is the effect of biomagnification on humans? Use indigenous as an example. Biomag. is when (toxic) substances are stored in tissue, like mercury/pesticides, get concentrated in the tissue of animals higher up in the food chain. As indigenous ppl mostly hunt/fish for their food, they have higher chances of getting sick bc toxins
What is the role of human/bacteria in soil acidification/climate change? -Acid rain comes frome emissions of industries (humans). -This acidifies the soil and kills organisms. -Bacteria survives and remove the nitrogen (denitrifying bacteria) -SO bc of humans/bacteria, some areas have acidic, nutrient poor soils.
Created by: Malayka
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