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Pediatrics.Ch22
Stool Specimen, Blood Specimen, Lumbar Puncture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How are stool specimens obtained in older children | The same as in adults |
| What can be used to obtain a stool specimen from an ambulatory child | Bedpan or hat placed beneath the toilet seat |
| How can the nurse make the child more comfortable about acknowledging a stool specimen has been collected | Admit that they know it is embarrassing |
| How is a stool specimen collected from an infant | scraped from the diaper with a tongue depressor |
| How is the specimen container transported to the lab | In a plastic bag with a lab slip attached |
| What is documented about a stool specimen | Amount, Color, Consistency, Purpose, Time |
| What is extremely important when obtaining a blood specimen | Positioning |
| What is assessed after obtaining a blood specimen | Frequent checks for bleeding |
| Which veins are frequently assessed for bleeding after obtaining a blood specimen | Jugular and Femoral |
| When are jugular and femoral veins used for obtaining a blood specimen | When other sites have been exhausted |
| What is documented regarding blood specimen collection | Name of test, Untoward developments, Site used |
| What is another name for a lumbar puncture | Spinal tap |
| What is another name for spinal tap | Lumbar puncture |
| Why is a lumbar puncture performed | For examination, Reduce brain pressure |
| What is used to obtain a lumbar puncture | Disposable lumbar puncture set |
| What does normal spinal fluid look like | Clear water |
| What is the opening pressure range for a lumbar puncture | 60 – 80 mm Hg |
| Who has a lower opening pressure for a lumbar puncture | Infants |
| How is obtaining a lumbar puncture from a child different from an adult | The patient’s ability to cooperate with positioning |
| What must a child do during a lumbar puncture | Lie quietly |
| How will it feel to have a lumbar puncture | A cool feeling when the skin is cleansed, Pressure when the needle is inserted |
| What directly affects the success of a lumbar puncture | How the child is held |
| How can a child lie for a lumbar puncture | On the side with the back parallel to the side of the treatment table, Knees flexed, Head in the crook of one of the nurse’s arm, Knees in the nurse’s other arm = Side lying fetal |
| How can the nurse hold the child up for a lumbar puncture | In a sitting position with the nurse hugging the child for support and security |
| What happens after the child is positioned correctly | Physician prepares the lower back using a sterile technique |
| How is the collection vial prepared in a lumbar puncture | Top is cleaned per hospital protocol |
| After an area is anesthetized, what is done | Physician inserts a special hollow needle into the patient’s lower back and collects the spinal fluid in two or three test tubes |
| After the specimen has been collected, what is done | A sterile bandage is placed over the injection site and the child is comforted |
| How are lumbar puncture specimens transported | Labeled and with the appropriate requisition form |
| How can post-lumbar headache be avoided | Lying flat for some time |
| Why should an adolescent lie flat for some time after a lumbar puncture | To avoid post lumbar headache |
| What is documented regarding lumbar puncture procedures | Amount, Character of fluid, Date, Patient reaction, Physician name, Time, Where sent |
Created by:
futurenurse
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