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Med Term Ch 12
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Functions of kidneys: | •filter blood •secrete water and nitrogenous wastes in urine •regulate blood levels of important substances, such as water, sodium, and potassium |
Ureters | carry urine from kidneys |
Urinary bladder | holds urine until it is expelled |
Urethra | carries urine from urinary bladder to the body exterior |
albumin/o | protein |
cyst/o, vesic/o | bladder or sac |
dips/o | thirst |
glomerul/o | glomerulus (small ball) |
lith/o | stone |
meat/o | meatus (opening) |
nephr/o, ren/o | kidney |
APKD | adult polycystic kidney disease |
ESWL | extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
BUN | blood urea nitrogen blood test to determine the level of urea in the blood: a high BUN indicates the inability of one or both kidneys to excrete urea |
IVP | intravenous pyelogram |
VCU or VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram |
KUB | kidneys, ureters, bladder |
gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o | glucose (sugar) |
SUI | stress urinary incontinence |
UTI | urinary tract infection |
Urobilinogen | chemical test used to detect bile pigment in the urine |
VCU or VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram |
azotemia | excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood as a result of kidney failure |
glomerulonephritis | form of nephritis involving the glomerulus |
SpGr | specific gravity measure of the concentration or dilution of urine |
adult polycystic kidney disease | inherited condition of multiple cysts that gradually form in the kidney, causing destruction of normal tissue that leads to renal failure |
stress urinary incontinence | involuntary discharge of urine with coughing, sneezing, and strained exercise |
urinary tract infection | invasion of pathogenic organisms (commonly bacteria) in the urinary tract |
voiding cystourethrogram | x-ray image of the bladder and urethra during urination (voiding = urinating) |
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy | procedure using ultrasound outside the body to bombard and disintegrate a stone within; most commonly used to treat urinary stones above the bladder |