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vocab pack #2
ii
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organism | An individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form |
| Cell | the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic |
| Unicellular | (of protozoans, certain algae, spores, etc.) consisting of a single cell |
| Multicellular | (of an organism or part) having or consisting of many cells |
| Metabolism | The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life. |
| Stimulus | A thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue. |
| Response | A verbal or written answer. |
| Development | The process of developing or being developed. |
| Asexual reproduction | a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes |
| Sexual reproduction | the production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes). In most higher organisms, one sex (male) produces a small motile gamete which travels to fuse with a larger stationary gamete produced |
| Spontaneous generation | the supposed production of living organisms from nonliving matter, as inferred from the apparent appearance of life in some supposedly sterile environments. |
| Autotroph | An organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide |
| Heterotroph | An organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
| Classification | The action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. |
| Taxonomy | The branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics |
| Genus | A principal taxonomic category that ranks above species and below family, and is denoted by a capitalized Latin name, e.g. Leo. |
| Species | A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The species is the principal natural taxonomic unit, ranking below a genus and denoted by a Latin binomial, e.g. Homo sapiens |
| Prokaryote | A microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the bacteria and cyanobacteria |
| Eukaryote | an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria. |
| Nucleus | The central and most important part of an object, movement, or group, forming the basis for its activity and growth. |
| Evolution | The process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth. |
| Branching tree diagram | a set of groups within groups, with the organisms at the bottom having the fewest shared characteristics and the ones at the top having the most. |
| Shared derived characteristi | A shared character is one that two lineages have in common, and a derived character is one that evolved in the lineage leading up to a clade and that sets members of that clade apart from other individuals. Shared derived characters can be used to group o |
| Convergent evolution | In evolutionary biology, convergent evolution is defined as the process whereby distantly related organisms independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar necessities. |
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spaz_ghost
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