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HBS Set #5

HBS Set #5- Vocabulary about the respiratory and circulatory systems.

TermDefinition
Respiratory system The organ system that brings O2 (oxygen) into the body and removes CO2 (carbon dioxide) from the body.
Oxygen A chemical needed by living things to create energy. Abbreviated as O2.
Carbon Dioxide A waste product that needs to be removed from the body. Abbreviated as CO2.
Air A combination of gasses including nitrogen (78%), oxygen (20%), carbon dioxide (<1%), and other compounds. The nitrogen in the air is not absorbed into the body in any way.
Breathing The process of bringing air into the lungs (inhaling) and pushing air out of the lungs (exhaling).
Diaphragm A muscle in the chest that controls breathing. A spasm in this muscle causes hiccups.
Lungs 2 large, semi-hollow organs found in the chest. As air enters, oxygen in the air is traded (exchanged) for carbon dioxide in the blood-- this trade is called gas exchange.
Oral A word meaning “mouth”. Our oral cavity is used for breathing.
Nasal A word meaning “nose”. Our nasal cavity is used for breathing.
Pulmonary A word meaning “lung”. You will see this in many body parts or diseases related to the lungs.
Olfactory A word meaning “smell”.
Mouth/nose Organs used to breathe.
Trachea Your windpipe-- connects your mouth/nose to your lower respiratory system.
Bronchi A pair of tubes that connect your trachea to both of your lungs.
Alveoli Small pockets in the lungs where oxygen in the air is exchanged for carbon dioxide in the blood.
Inhale The process of breathing in
Exhale The process of breathing out
Gas exchange The process of trading oxygen in the air for carbon dioxide in the blood. Allows new oxygen to enter the body, and carbon dioxide wastes to be removed from the body.
O2 The chemical abbreviation for oxygen.
CO2 The chemical formula for carbon dioxide.
Circulatory system/ Cardiovascular system Transports nutrients, oxygen, hormones, waste, and other materials from one location in the body to another through the bloodstream
Blood A mixture of red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, and platelets. Carries things around the body.
Heart A major organ that pumps blood through the body
Blood vessel A muscular tube that allows blood to move through the body
Artery A blood vessel that takes blood AWAY from the body (Artery starts with an A and takes blood AWAY)
Vein A blood vessel that brings blood back to the heart
Capillary A small blood vessel that takes blood to individual tissues and cells
Red blood cell Red disk-shaped cells that take oxygen to cells throughout the body.
White blood cell Cells that fight sicknesses and pathogens in the body
Platelets A type of cell that causes clots if you get injured (stops you from bleeding)
Plasma The liquid part of blood
“Cardio-” A word meaning "heart"
Circulation The flow of blood through the body, as part of the circulatory system
Heart rate The number of times your heart beats per minute (measured in BPM, or beats per minute)
Blood pressure The amount of pressure in your circulatory system. Needs to be maintained in homeostasis-- it can't be too high or too low.
Heart attack A lack of blood flow to the heart itself- usually caused by a blood clot in the heart
CPR Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation- Used to pump someone's blood around their body if their heart isn't pumping. WILL NOT restart someone’s heart.
AED A machine that shocks the heart with electricity to cause it to restart if it has stopped.
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