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Middle East History
Review for quiz on Middle East History
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Last great Muslim Empire in Middle East | Ottoman Empire |
War which resulted in the collapse of the Ottoman Empire | WWI |
Present day country which is all that remains of the Ottoman Empire | Turkey |
Empire which destroyed the ancient country of Israel in 70 CE | Roman Empire |
Spread of Jews around the world following the destruction of their nation in 70 CE | Diaspora |
Temporary authority to govern until an area is ready for independence | Mandate |
Following WWI the British mandate which included modern Israel and Jordan | Palestine |
Present day countries which were part of French mandate after WWI | Lebanon and Syria |
Movement, begun in the late 1800's, which encouraged Jews to move back to the "promised land" | Zionism |
Founder of Zionist movement | Theodor Herzl |
Document which expressed British support for the creation | Balfour Declaration |
International organization which decided how to divide the British mandate in Palestine | United Nations |
Under the plan to partition (divide) Palestine, what city was supposed to be an international city with access guaranteed for all | Jerusalem |
First nation to recognize the state of Israel | USA |
War which began day after Israel declared its independence on May 14, 1948 | War of independence |
War in which Israel gained a great deal of land, referred to as the "occupied territories" | !967 Six Day War |
One of the territories occupied by Israel following the Six Day War | Gaza strip, Golan Heights, West Bank, and Sinai Peninsula |
The war, initiated (started) by Egypt and Syria with a surprise attack on Israel in 1973 | Yom Kippur War |
First nation to make peace with Israel | Egypt |
Egyptian president assassinated by one of his own soldiers for making peace with Israel | Anwar Sadat |
Name of peace treaty between Egypt and Israel in 1978 | Camp David Accords |
US president who facilitated the peace agreement between Israel (represented by Menachem Begin) and Egypt (represented by Anwar Sadat) in 1978 | Jimmy Carter |
The Arab-Israeli war in which oil was first used as a weapon | Yom Kippur War |
Organization, created in 1964, which had as its goal the destruction of Israel | PLO - Palestine Liberation Organization |
The Chairman of the PLO from 1964 until his death in 2004 | Yasser Arafat |
The framework for peace between the PLO and Israel agreed upon in 1993 | Oslo Accords |
Israeli Prime Minister who was assassinated for agreeing to peace terms with the PLO | Yitzhak Rabin |
US president who brought Israel and the PLO together in 1993 to work out a framework for peace | Bill Clinton |
Method used by PLO to achieve its goals | Terrorism: car bombings, hijacking, kidnapping |
Positive contribution of PLO | Schools, medical care, welfare services |
Uprising of Palestinian Arabs (mostly young people) to protest Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza. | Intafada |
Palestinian Arab group which came to power in Gaza when this area was turned over by Israel in 2005. | Hamas |
US special envoy to the Middle East appointed by President Barak Obama | George Mitchell |