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Chapter 11-The Blood
Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
anemia | deficient number of red blood cells or deficient hemoglobin |
antibodies | substances produced by the body that destroy or inactivate a specific substance (antigen) that has entered the body |
antigens | substances that, when introduced into the body, cause formation of antibodies against it |
basophil | white blood cell that stains readily with basic dyes |
buffy coat | the superficial layer of yellowish or buff coagulated plasma from which the red corpuscles have settled out in slowly coagulated blood |
carbaminohemoglobin | the compound formed by the union of carbon dioxide with hemoglobin |
emobolism | obstruction of a blood vessel by foreign matter carried in the bloodstream |
embolus | a blood clot or other substance (bubble of air) that is moving in the blood and may block a blood vessel |
eosinophil | white blood cell that is readily stained by eosin |
erythroblastosis fetalis | a disease that may develop when an Rh-negative mother has anti-Rh antibodies and gives birth to an Rh-positive baby and the antibodies react with the Rh positive cells of the baby |
erythrocyte | red blood cell |
fibrin | insoluble protein in clotted blood |
fibrinogen | soluble blood protein that is converted to insoluble fibrin during clotting |
hematocrit | volume percent of blood cells in whole blood |
hemoglobin | iron-containing protein in red blood cells |
heparin | substance obtained from the liver; inhibits blood clotting |
leukemia | blood cancer characterized by an increase in white blood cells |
leukocyte | white blood cells |
leukocytosis | abnormally high white blood cell numbers in the blood |
leukopenia | abnormally low white blood cell numbers in the blood |
lymphocyte | one type of white blood cell |
monocyte | a phagocyte |
neutrophil | white blood cell that stains readily with neutral dyes |
oxyhemoglobin | hemoglobin combined with oxygen |
pernicious anemia | deficiency of red blood cells because of a lack of vitamin B12 |
phagocytes | white blood cells that engulf microbes and digest them |
plasma | the liquid part of the blood |
plasma protein | any of several proteins normally found in the plasma; includes albumins, globulins,and fibrinogen |
polycythemia | an excessive number of red blood cells |
prothrombin | a protein present in normal blood that is required for blood clotting |
prothrombin activator | a protein formed by clotting factors from damaged tissue cells and platelets; it converts prothrombin into thrombin, a step essential to forming a blood clot |
serum | blood plasma minus its clotting factors, still contains antibodies |
thrombin | protein important in blood clotting |
thrombocytes | also called platelets; play a role in blood clotting |
thrombosis | formation of a clot in a blood vessel |
thrombus | stationary blood clot |