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Nursing Endocrine

Med/Surge

QuestionAnswer
Hypothalamus Location? Function? Location: Central part of diencephalon of brain Function: Stimulate (releasing) hormones and inhibits secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary. Also facilitates coordination w/ ANS and expression of anger, fear and pleasure
Pituitary Location? Function? Location: Base of brain Function: Inhibition and secretion of 6 tropic hormones
What are the hormones that the ANTERIOR PITUITARY secrete? TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, GH, Prolactin
What does TSH do? Stimulates thyroid to secrete thyroid hormones T3 (Triiodothyroxine) and T4 (Thyroxine
Thyroid Gland Location? Function? Location: In the anterior portion of neck in front of trachea Function: Produces and secretes T3, T4 and calcitonin which affect metabolic rate, caloric requirements, oxygen consumption, carbohydrate & lipid metabolism, growth & development, brain funct.
_______ Is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones Iodine
Calcitonin Location? Function? Location: Hormone by parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland in response to high calcium levels. Function: Inhibits calcium resorption (loss of substance) from bone, increases Ca storage in bone, increases renal excretion of Ca and Phosphorus
Parathyroid Hormone Location? Function? Location: Behind each lobe of thyroid (usually 4 glands) Function: Secretes PTH (ParaThyroid Hormone), regulating the blood level of calcium. Acts on bone, kidneys and indirectly GI
Parathyroid Hormone is regulated by ________ Feedback system
What inhibits PTH? What stimulates PTH secretion? Inhibits: Vitamin D Secretes: Low levels of magnesium
Adrenal Glands Location? Consist of? Location: On top of kidneys (Party hat of kidneys) Consist: Cortex and Medulla
Adrenal Medulla Inner part of the gland, secretes catecholamines (Epi, nor-epi, and dopamine). Catecholamines are then released into blood stream
Adrenal Cortex Outer part of gland, secretes 50+ steroid hormones which are classified as glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralcorticoids (Aldosterone), and androgens
Corticosteroid refers to... Any of the hormones synthesized by the adrenal cortex (excluding androgens)
Cortisol is... Most abundant glucocorticoid , necessary to maintain life. Regulates blood glucose concentration and has antiinflammatory actions
Aldosterone is... A potent mineralcorticoid that maintains extracellular fluid volume. Acts at renal tubule to promote renal reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions.
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion are stimulated by.... Inbihited by... Angiotensin II, hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia Inhibition: Atrial natriuretic peptide and hypokalemia
Adrenal Androgens are... Stimulate pubic and anxillary hair growth and sex drive in females.
Posterior Pituitary Gland Location? Function? Location: Extension of hypothalamus Function: Secretes ADH and Oxytocin
What is ADH? (AntiDiuretic Hormone) Regulation of fluid volume by stimulating reabsorption of water in the renal tubules. Also called vasopressin is also a potent vasoconstrictor.
Pancreas Location? Function? Location? Located behind stomach and anterior to the 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae Function? Endocrine and exocrine functions, hormone stimulating portion are the islets of langerhans.
Islets of Langerhans; Cells? Consist of four types of hormone-secreting cells: Alpha, beta, delta, and F cells. Alpha= produce and secrete the hormone glucagon. Beta cells= Produce and secrete insulin. Delta= Produce and secretes somatostatin. F= Pancreactic polypeptide
Created by: ssanchez87
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