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Respiratory Overview

QuestionAnswer
What is the purpose of respiration? 1. Gas Exchange. 2. Provide oxygen for tissue metabolism. 3. Remove carbon dioxide.
What is influenced by the respiratory system? 1. Acid-Base balance. 2. Speech. 3. Sense of smell. 4. Fluid balance. 5. Temperature control.
What are the three major nursing diagnoses in relation to respiration? 1. Impaired Airway Clearance. 2. Ineffective Breathing Pattern. 3. Impaired Gas Exchange.
What is Ventilation? The movement of air in and out of the lungs. (Air must reach the alveoli for gas to be exchanged; and requires a patent airway and intact and functioning respiratory muscles.
What are the Paranasal Sinuses? 1. Frontal 2. Ethmoid 3. Maxillary 4. Sphenoid.
Where is the pharynx and what does it do? Serves as a passageway for the both respiratory and digestive tracks. Located behind the oral and nasal cavities.
What are the divided names of the Pharynx? 1. Nasopharynx 2. Oropharynx 3. Laryngopharynx
Where is the nasopharynx and what does it do? Located behind the nose above the soft palate. It contains the adenoids that trap and organisms that enter the nose and mouth. Helps equalize the middle ear when swallowing.
Where is the oropharynx and what does it do? Located behind the mouth below the nasopharynx, it extends from the soft palate to the base of the tongue. Contains palatine tonsils which protect the body from invading organisms.
Where is the laryngopharynx and what does it do? Located behind the larynx, extending from the base of the tongue to the esophagus. It's the dividing point where solid foods and fluids are separated from air. It's the passageway that divides into the larynx and the esophagus.
Where is the larynx and what does it do? It's located above the trachea at the base of the tongue below the pharynx. Contains the thyroid, cricoid and arytenoid cartilages. The epiglottis, at the top of the larynx, folds during swallowing preventing aspiration.
Where is the trachea and what does it do? Located anterior to the esophagus. It branches into the left and right mainstem bronchi at the carina.
Where does the mainstem bronchi begin? At the carina.
Which side of the bronchus is the main site for the foreign object aspiration? Right Side.
Which bronchus is wider, shorter and more vertical? Right Side.
How much mucus is moved in the bronchi lined with ciliated, mucus secreting epithelium? 100 ml per day in a health person.
Where does gas exchange take place? In the alveoli.
Which lung is divided into three lobes? The right lung.
What is atelectasis? Collapse of alveoil.
What is the air flow to the lungs? 1. Oropharynx 2. Layngopharynx 3. Larynx 4. Trachea 5. Mainstem bronchi 6. Lobar, segmental and subsegmental bronchi. 7. Bronchioles 8. Alveolar ducts and alveolar sacs.
What are the mechanics of breathing? Negative pressure in the chest, rib cage moves up and out, diaphragm contracts and moves down, pressure in lungs decreases and air moves in.
When do you call the doctor for a low pulse oximetery? If drops 4% in a pt. with COPD and it if is less that 90% in a person with no know problems.
What is thoracentesis? Aspiration of pleural fluid or air in the pleural space.
Created by: hlawrence59
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