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Week 9 CON 246
Week 9 Coronary Artery Disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A patient with atherosclerosis asks the nurse to describe the events leading to the development of the atherosclerosis. In which order does the nurse describe the pathophysiological events? | - “Chronic injury led to the damage of your endothelium, - “Lipids were able to access and accumulate in the smooth mu - “The blood vessel narrowed due to accumulation of fibrous - “A build-up of collagen resulted in a partial or total blockage of |
| The nurse would use which statement to describe to the patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) how fatty streaks are formed? | “Damaged arteries allow lipids to be deposited in the intima.” |
| Which process would result in the development of myocardial ischemia in a patient with coronary artery disease (CAD)? | An increased demand for oxygen or a decreased supply of oxygen |
| The health care team is caring for a patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) who has hepatitis C. The patient’s triglyceride level is 658 mg/dL. Which drug would the best choice to administer to this patient initially? | Omega-3 fatty acid |
| A patient has voiced displeasure with the dietary changes the health care provider has recommended. Which questions would the nurse use to discuss the importance of managing dietary modifications with a patient who has coronary artery disease (CAD)? | “Which recommended changes have you implemented?” -“Do you know why these changes were recommended to you?” - “Do you know the potential consequences of not following the diet?” |
| A patient with cardiovascular disease has an elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level but refuses to take any medication. The nurse anticipates which therapy recommendation from the health care provider? | Psyllium - Psyllium has been shown to reduce both total cholesterol and LDL levels. |
| While assessing a patient for cardiovascular risk factors, the nurse notices that the patient is experiencing dyspnea while talking. What is the nurse’s priority action? | Assess breath sounds and pulse oximetry. - The priority for the nurse is always patient safety. Dyspnea is a symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD) and should be assessed further to determine the severity of the symptom. |
| A 50-year-old male patient with a family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) presents with mild dyspnea on exertion and occasional chest pain. The patient eats primarily red meat and vegetables, smokes cigars, and is physically inactive. What recomme | Eat less red meat - Begin an exercise regimen. |
| A patient with a family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) smokes one pack of cigarettes per day, drinks socially, exercises infrequently, and eats a diet rich in complex grains and vegetables. The patient recently lost a spouse to cancer. Which que | “How are you coping with the loss of your spouse?” It is important to identify any negative psychological states to learn more about the stress levels of the patient as part of a thorough assessment for CAD risk. |
| How would the nurse explain to the patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) why chronically elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are a good predictor of CAD? | “Chronically elevated CRP levels are associated with plaque formation.” |
| The nurse identifies which patient as being at greatest risk for coronary artery disease (CAD)? | 80-year-old woman with hyperlipidemia |
| When assessing a patient with coronary artery disease (CAD), which finding is expected? | Swelling in the legs |
| A patient returns to the office after starting statin therapy. Which statement by the patient would indicate the need for further assessment by the nurse? | “I am having trouble walking.” |
| A patient at risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) has a serum triglyceride level of 160 mg/dL and a low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level of 180 mg/dL. Which dietary recommendations by the nurse are crucial for reducing the risk for CAD in this patient? | Eliminate alcohol - Eat more broccoli - Eat more shellfish |
| The nurse is assessing a patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) for response to lipid-lowering therapy. Which question is a priority for the nurse to ask in order to determine the effectiveness of the therapy? | “Have you had any chest pain in the last week?” |
| A patient at high risk for development of coronary artery disease (CAD) indicates that the necessary lifestyle changes to decrease the risk for disease are too difficult. How should the nurse respond to help the patient understand the importance of making | “Are you aware of the major risk factors for CAD that you have?”- “What aspect of your current lifestyle is most important for you to maintain? |
| Which statement by the patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) demonstrates understanding of how to modify dietary fat intake by substituting monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fats for saturated fats? | “I ordered a cheese with egg white sandwich.” |
| A patient’s spouse asks the nurse about alternative methods to reduce coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors because of potential side effects of a medication prescribed for her husband. Which response by the nurse is appropriate? | Discuss gradually increasing physical activity. |
Created by:
Brandi Sizemore
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