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Chapter 2 Chest

Chest positioning

QuestionAnswer
The bony thorax consists of (5) Sternum, clavicles, scapulae, ribs and thoracic vertebrae
The two important bony landmarks of the thorax are Jugular notch (AP) and vertebra prominens (PA)
The four divisions of the respiratory system are Pharynx, Trachea, Right and Left bronchi, Lungs
The trachea is located anteriorly or posteriorly to the esophagus? Anteriorly
Air or gas that enters the space of the pleural cavity is a condition called Pneumothorax
Lower, concave portion of the lungs Base
Central area in which the bronchi and blood vessels enter the lungs Hilum
Upper, rounded portion above the level of the clavicles Apices
Extreme, outermost lower corner of the lungs Costophrenic angles
List the four important structures located in the mediastinum Thymus, trachea, heart and great vessels, esophagus
Which body type is associated with a broad and deep thorax? Hypersthenic
Which type of body habitus may cause the costophrenic angles to be cuttoff if careful vertical collimation is not used? Hyposthenic and astehnic
Chest radiography for the adult patient usually employs a kilovoltage peak of _________ to ________ kV 110 to 125
What set of exposure factors is recommended for a chest exam of a young pediatric patient? 70-85 kV, short exposure time
To ensure better lung inspiration during chest radiography, exposure should be made during the ___________ inspiration Second
What anatomic structures is examined to determine rotation on a PA chest radiograph? Symmetric appearance of sternoclavicular joints
What is the name of the condition characterized by fluid entering the pleural cavity? Pleural effusion
Which specific position would be used if the patient were unable to stand but the physician suspected the pt had fluid in the left lung? Left lateral decubitus
What is the name of the condition characterized by free air entering the pleural cavity? Pneumothorax
Which specific position would be used if the patient were unable to stand but the physician suspected the pt had free air in the left pleural cavity? Right lateral decubitus
Which anterior oblique projection would best demonstrate the left lung (RAO or LAO)? RAO
Which posterior oblique projection would best demonstrate the left lung (RPO or LPO)? LPO
Condition in which collapse of all or portion of a lung Atelectasis
Irreversible dilation or widening of bronchi or bronchioles that may result from repeated pulmonary infection or obstruction Bronchiectasis
Condition in which excessive mucus is excreted into the bronchi Bronchitis
Form of persistent obstruction of the airways that usually causes difficulty in emptying the lungs of air. COPD
Most common of inherited diseases. Secretions of heavy mucus cause progressive "clogging" of bronchi and bronchioles Cystic Fibrosis
An irreversible and chronic lung disease in which air spaces in the alveoli become greatly enlarged as a result of alveolar wall destruction and loss of alveolar elasticity Emphysema
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity Pleural effusion
Created by: Pixiegirl73
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