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Peds MS & Neuro

QuestionAnswer
CN X vagus nerve
CN IX glossopharyngeal nerve
CN I olfactory sense smell
CN X vagus nerve gag
CN IX glossopharyngeal nerve
CN XII hypoglossal nerve
CN VII Facial Nerve
CN V trigeminal nerve
CN XI spinal accessory shoulder shrug
posterior fontanel closes at 2 mos
anterior fontanel closes at 18 to 24 mos
Optic nerve CN II
Oculomotor nerve CN III
Trochlear nerve CN IV
Abducens nerve CN VI
Facial nerve CN VII
Acoustic nerve CN VIII
Strain excessive stretching by forceful contraction beyond its functional capacity
Sprain stretching or tearing a supporting ligament of a joint
Fracture partial or complete break in the continuity of a bone resulting from trauma
Myelomeningocele (spina bifida) of the vertebral column congenital neural tube defects with incomplete closure
Talipes Equinovarus (club foot) includes inversion of the foot at the ankle and fixed congential defect of the ankle and foot; plantar flexion with the toes lower than the heel
Barlow Ortolani maneuver testing hip dislocation in infant
Allis sign dectect hip dislocation or shortened femur; with baby supine flex both knees with feet on the table. Unequal knee height is positive test
Genu varum bow leg
Genu valgum knock-knee
Gower sign Child rises from a sitting position by placing hands on the legs and pushing the trunk up; seen in Muscular Dystrophy
Metatarsus Adductus (Metatarsus Varus) most common congenital foot deformity; can be fixed or flexible; caused by intrauterine positioning; medial adduction of the toes and forefoot resulting in angulation at the tarsometatarsal joint
Developmental dysplasia of the hip condition present at birth in which the femoral head has an inappropriate relationship with the acetabulum; joint ligaments allow displacement of the femoral head
Legg-calve-perthes disease avascular necrosis of the femoral head resulting from a decreased blood supply to the femoral head; most often seen in boys age age 4 to 8years
Osgood-Schlatter Disease inflammation of a bony outgrowth of the anterior aspect of the tibial tubercle in association with inflammation of the anterior patellar tendon
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis the ball at the upper end of the femur slips off in a backward direction due to weakness of the growth plate; seen most often in obese males between the ages of 11-15years
Muscular Dystrophy group of genetic disorders involving the gradual degeneration of the muscle fibers characterized by progressive symmetric weakness and muscle atrophy
Salter Harris I fracture the physis is widened; growth disturbances are uncommon
Salter Harris II fracture involves the metaphysis as well as the physis; rarely results in functional deficits; most common type
Salter Harris III fracture involves both the epiphysis as well as the physis; damage to the growth plate but prognosis is relatively favorable
Salter Harris IV fracture involves the epiphysis, physis, and metaphysis; can cause chronic disability
Salter Harris V fracture a compression of the physis caused by an axial load; poor functional prognosis
Recent onset of photophobia w/ severe generalized HA, fever and malaise Meningitis
bacterial osteomyelitis acute or chronic inflammatory process of the bone and its structures secondary to infection w/ pyogenic organisms
(T/F?)Bones are not very porous and flexible in children? (False) Bones are more porous and flexible in children than in adults
What are the 3 types of fractures common in children? Bends, Buckle, and greenstick
What are the 5 Ps of vascular injury to access for? Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paresthesia, paralysis
Ortolani maneuver A + sign is a distinctive 'clunk' which can be heard & felt as the femoral head relocates anteriorly into the acetabulum.
Barlow maneuver If the hip is popped out of socket with this maneuver, the test is considered positive.
What are the clinical manifestations of DDH? Positive Ortolani & Barlow Tests; Unequal skin folds; limitation of abduction on affected side; unequal knee height; Positive Trendelenberg sign
(T/F?) Trendelenburg's sign is found in people with weak abductor muscles of the hip. True
Trendelenburg's sign Positive if, when standing on one leg, the pelvis drops on the side opposite to the stance leg. The body is not able to maintain the center of gravity on the side of the stance leg.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) 1 in 3600 males; x-lined recessive pattern; and there is an absence of dystrophin in muscle
What is dystrophin? protein product in cell; w/o it cells explode and die in the muscle
Created by: donnak
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