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Lower Resp. Care

QuestionAnswer
What are the chronic lung diseases that have chronic airflow limitation? 1. Ashtma 2. Chronic bronchitis 3. Pulmonary Emphysema
What is COPD? Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
What diseases are included in COPD, and are a few facts about COPD? Emphyseam and Chronic Bronchitis. It is characterized by bronchospasm and dyspnea. The tissue damage is not reversible, and increases in severity leading to resp. failure.
What is astham? Intermittent disease with reversible airflow obstruction and wheezing.
What are the ABG's in a person who is experiencing an asthma attack? Early in the attack, the CO2 decrease causing alkalosis. Later in the attack, the CO2 increase casuing acidosis.
What tool aides in guiding the pt in self care? A peak flow meter.
What does the green, yellow and red zone indicate? Green is the pt's personal best. The yellow tells the pt that they need to use their rescue inhaler. The red zone tells the pt that they need to use their rescue inhaler and seek medical attention now!
What are some of the astham drug therapies? Rescue Inhalers-Short-acting beta2 agonist. Example Albuterol. Maintance Inhalers-Long-acting beta2 agonist. Example Serevent.
When should the long-acting drugs be used? Everyday
When should the short-acting drugs be used? As needed, or as prescribed.
What is combivent? Albuterol and atrovent.
What are some nursing considerations for the use to methylxanthines/throphylline? 1. Narrow margin of safety. 2. Do not drink coffee or other caffeinated beverages as they increase the risk of toxicity. 3. This drug may cause disrhythmias, HTN, Seizures. Give with food b/c GI upsets.
What are some facts about anti-inflammartory agents? They do NOT cause bronchodilation, and should be used last if other inhalers are used.
What are so pt teaching facts about corticosteriods? This is NOT a rescue drug! Use daily even if there are no symptoms. Oral care is very important as this medication can cause yeast infections.
What are some side effects of prednisone? Weight gain, increased blood sugar, hypertension, and increased risk for infection.
What are some side effects of a dry powder inhaler(DPI)? Dry cough, yeasst in mouth and irritation of mouth.
What is status asthmaticus? A severe, life-threatening acute episode or airway obstruction that intensifies once it begins and often does not respond to common therapy.
What disease is preventable in relation to breathing disorders? COPD
What are pt with chronic bronchitis sometimes called? Blue Bloaters
What are pt with Emphysema sometimes called? Pink puffers
What limits would a pt with COPD have that can be more than double that of a normal pt? Increase respiratory rates of 40-50 bpm
What will pt with COPD have in relation to cardiac? Right sided heart failure.
What is a bullectomy? Removal of the collapsed part of the lung.
With pt who have ineffective breathing patterns what are they also at risk for? Imbalanced nutrition. They would need to be on a diet high on protein and calories.
What is pulmonary edema? Collection of fluid in the pulmonary space.
What are some of the causes of pulmonary edema? Cardiac problems, fluid overload, and burns.
what is the main concern for pulmonary embolism? Hypoxemia and distress.
What is the anidote for heparin and lovenox? Protamine Sulfate.
What is the antidote for coumadin? Vitamin K.
What drug is used to treat TB? Pyrazinamide(PZA)
What other drugs are used to treat TB, and what are their main side effects? 1. INH-liver toxicity 2. Rifampin-Rash, GI upset, orange urine and liver toxicity, 3. Ethambutol-Vision changes, color blindness and rash. 4. PZA-Liver toxicity, GI upset, rash this medication is not recommended for pregnant women.
What is sarcoidosis? Granulomatous disorder of unknown cause that can affect any organ, but the lung is involved most ofter. There is no cure.
What are some of the symptoms of sarcoidosis? Cough with bloody sputum, trouble breathing.
Created by: hlawrence59
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