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CNA State exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CNA's are prohibited to engage in certain activities, including but not limited to | Give medications, take verbal orders from MD, insert tubes or IVs, apply sterile dressings |
| Who does a CNA report to? | Nursing supervisor |
| CNA's provide ________ care to residents. | Direct Care |
| Since you typically spend the most time with a patient, what should you be constantly looking out for or be aware of? | Changes in a patient's condition |
| Who develops the resident's care plan that the CNA will follow? | LPN or RN (direct superior) |
| Chain of command at a long-term care facility? | Doctor > Nurse Director > RN Supervisor > RN > LPN > CNA |
| What is the most used skill in the health care career? | Communication- listening, responding, documeting. |
| Is it better to use open-ended questions or close-ended questions when speaking with residents? | Open-ended ('tell me more', 'let me see if I understand') |
| How should you speak to a client who has a hearing impediment? | Speak clearly, slowly & directly Turn down TV & face client |
| A threat or actual physical/mental harm to a resident? | Abuse |
| Touching a resident without their permission? (shoving, pushing, hitting) | Assault |
| Unlawful personal violence toward a resident? (bathing w/o permission, etc) | Battery |
| Preventing a resident from moving freely about with or w/o force against their wishes? | False imprisonment |
| Accidently or intentionally ignoring the needs of a resident which causes harm, injury, or change in condition? (patient gets bedsore bc of not turning him every 2 hours, not bathing patient) | Neglect |
| Neglecting what you were taught by omitting care or performing incorrect care which causes harm to the resident? (not putting up bedrails) | Negligence |
| Defines the tasks that health care providers are trained and allowed to provide by law. Laws regulate what a nursing assistant can and cannot do vary from state to state? (giving medication is 'out of scope or practice' for a CNA) | Scope of Practice |
| What does a resident's care plan consist of? | What the CNA needs to do for the resident and paints a picture for the resident's disabilities, limitations, and conditions. |
| Skin tears, frequent crying, personality changes, refusal to carry out ADLs, fear of touch, anxiety, and refusal of certain visitors are all signs of what? | Suspected abuse |
| What is required of CNA's due to the OBRA act? (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation) | Pass a competency evaluation before employed and regular 12 hours of in-service each year. |
| What is an Ombudsman? | A person assigned by law to be the legal advocate for residents- helps residents solve complaints |
| Why is HIPPA important? | It is a federal law that requires all employees and health care organizations to keep patient health information private. |
| What is PHI? (Part of HIPPA) | Protected health information. |
| All Residents have the Right to: | Choose their own physician Participate in plan of care Manage their own finances Have access to visitors, medical charts, confidential communication with visits, public places, and legal reps Refuse medication and care |
| All restraints require a _________'s order. | Doctor's |
| How often should you check on restrained residents and what should you check for? | Every 15 minutes and check for skin irritation, breathing problems, or other complaints. |
| CNA's are expected to accept all _____ and therefore, not project their own ________ on residents. | religions |
| What should you do if you notice signs of depression? | Report to the nurse. |
| What should you do if you see a resident masturbating in public? | Take them to a private area. |
| What should you do if a resident is showing unwanted sexual advances to staff or to other residents? | Be frank and confront the unwanted behavior- alos notify supervisor. |
| Diabetic diet consists of? | Low sugar |
| Heart healthy diet? | Low salt, low fat |
| Low calorie diet? | Decrease calories to induce weight loss |
| Soft diet? | Foods easy to chew or swallow |
| Clear liquid diet? | Liquid foods you can see through; jello, broth |
| What are some ways to make feeding a more pleasant experience? | Offer a menu to encourage independence Social interaction Keep hot food hot & cold food cold Be patient with slow eaters |
| With a blind patient, how should you tell the patient what is on their plate? | In the clock format |
| What are some ways to promote safety at night? | Keeping the bed in low position, keeping bedside commode/urinal by the bed, and keeping a light on in the bathroom. |
| In regards to privacy, what is the proper way to bathe a patient? | Use a large towel and only uncover the body part you are washing. |
| Which type of care tasks require privacy? | All personal care tasks |
| What should you do if you notice any skin breakdown? | Notify supervisor immediately. |
| What areas of the body are bedsores or ulcers most common? | Tail bone, hip, back, elbow, spine, back of head, & heels |
| How often should you turn and reposition bed bound residents? | Every two hours |
| With a complete bed bath, when should you change the water? | When it is dirty or gets cold |
| When giving oral care to a comatose patient, how should you swab the mouth? | Gently turn the head to the side and gently swab the mouth with a mouth swab. |
| Why should you not apply lotion between the toes? | To prevent chaffing. |
| What is important to know about infectious diseases? | They can spread from one person to another by a pathogen. |
| What is a pathogen? | A disease-causing microorganism; they can include bacteria, fungi, and parasites. |
| Signs and symptoms of an infection include, but are not limited to | Fever, chills, wounds with a foul odor, drainage, heat and redness around a sore, and mental confusion. |
| Signs of a UTI are: | Dark urine, odorous urine, pain, and/or confusion. |
| How is the highly contagious lung disease tuberculosis (TB) transmitted? | When a person infected talks, coughs, laughs, sings, or sneezes- special masks must be worn in close quarters |
| What is MRSA? | An antibiotic-resistant infection that is often acquired in health care facilities |
| What is C Difficile? | A bacterium found in the intestinal flora- it produces a toxin that causes watery diarrhea. |
| What is Sepsis? | System wide spread of infection and response to an infection throughout the body. |
| Blood born pathogens? | Microorganisms found in human blood- they can cause infection and disease in humans (HIV, Hepatitis) |
| What is the most common accident in a long-term care facility? | Falls |
| What is the RACE system? | REMOVE all residents from the immediate area of the fire first ACTIVATE the fire alarm and call fire dept CONTAIN the fire by closing all doors in the area of the fire first EXTINGUISH the fire |
| If no injury results from an accident, do you still need to complete and file an incident report? | Yes, but it is not kept in the medical chart. |
| What should you do if you find a resident on the floor? | Try to see if you can get a response then call for help immediately |
| What are some results of inactivity and immobility? | Pneumonia, UTI, constipation, blood clots, muscle atrophy, contractures, and bedsores |
| What does it mean if a careplan says 'residents are up ad lib'? | They may get up as tolerated. |
| To ambulate means to what? | To walk |
| If a patient is ambulatory, they are what? | One who can get out of bed and walk. |
| What are some assistive devices that can help a resident with mobility? | Walkers, canes, crutches, quad cane, wheel chairs |
| Should a cane be used on the patients stronger or weaker side? | Stronger side |
| What is Phantom Sensation? | The term used when a person feels that the body part is still there although it is not. |
| What is prothesis? | A device that replaces a body part that is missing or deformed. |
| What is the difference between active ROM and passive ROM? | Active ROM are exercises done by a resident himself, while Passive ROM are staff-assisted. |
| If a resident is incontinent, they are what? | Unable to control their bowel or bladder. |
| If a resident's intake is 300 cc of fluid a day, how much outtake should they have per day? | 300 cc |
| A disease where the pancreas produces too little insulin or the body does not properly use insulin? | Diabetes |
| Diabetes occurs when glucose levels are too _____ in the blood stream. | High |
| What does a diabetic diet consist of? And what could happen if that diet is not followed? | Low carb and low sugar. Problems with circulation, damage to eyes, feet, and vital organs. |
| When measuring intake, how often should you document the total fluid cc? | At every meal (20 cc of tea, 30 cc of OJ, 60 cc of water) |
| What is COPD? | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease- difficulty getting air out of the lungs; usually patients are on oxygen |
| What should you do if a patient is having a seizure? | Lower them to the floor, have someone call the nurse, move furniture out of the way, protect their head, do NOT restrain or put anything in mouth, and try to turn head to the side. |
| Signs and symptoms of heart attack? | Shortness of breath, chest pain, pain the shoulder or arm. |
| What is the medical term for a stroke? | Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)- caused by a blood clot or rupture of a blood vessel in the brain. |
| What are the signs of a stroke? | Numbness in the arm, slurred speech, dropped mouth, or weakness. |
| Apply special stockings as ordered, to prevent what? | Blood clots |
| What are the 5 stages of death? | Denial- Anger- Bargaining- Depression- Acceptance |
| What is a DNR order? | Do Not Resuscitate- do NOT perform CPR |
Created by:
Dhruvi00
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