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Microbiology Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of following diseases is generally caused by contaminated food? | Shigellosis |
| Animalcules were first described by | Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek |
| A microscope that provides a three-dimensional image of a specimen is a | scanning electron microscope |
| Which of the following scientists discovered antibiotic properties of penicillium | Alexander Fleming |
| Which scientist is most responsible for ending controversy about spontaneous generation? | Louis Pasteur Correct |
| Molds belong to which of the following groups of eukaryotic organisms? | Fungi |
| Which of the following is used to add color to microbes so they can be better observed under a microscope? | Stains and Dyes |
| Complex Communities of microorganisms on surfaces are called | biofilms |
| a relationship between organisms in which the waste product of one provides nutrients for another is called | commensalism |
| which of the following scientists performed the first vaccination against smallpox? | Jenner |
| The cell organelles found only in algae and plant cells are: chloroplasts, mitochondria, vacuoles, or vesicles. | Chloroplasts |
| The structures that can move fluid, mucus, or cells over the surface of a cell are: microvilli, cilia, fimbriae, or flagella | Cilia |
| The cell organelle responsible for the packaging of proteins is the: Ribosome, Golgi Complex, rER, or Lysosome | Golgi Complex |
| Which of the following organelles contain oxidative enzymes capable of oxidizing toxic substances? Mitochondria, chloroplasts, lysosomes, or peroxisomes? | Peroxisomes |
| Which of the following organisms produces toxins that target cholesterol? aeromonas hydrophila, e coli, streptococcus pyogenes, or corynebacterium diphtheriae? | streptococcus pyogenes |
| Which of the following is an active transport mechanism? Osmosis, facilitated diffusion, filtration or pinocytosis? | pinocytosis |
| Binary fission is a form of reproduction used by:Viruses, bacteria, fungi, or helminths | bacteria |
| The actual genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its: phenotype, genotype, conjugation, or construct? | genotype |
| A special structure formed by some bacterial cells to allow them to survive in harsh conditions is called a(n): Nuclein, mitochondria, endospore, or cytoplasm? | Endspore |
| Formic acid is a fermentation product of: Streptococcus, klebsiella, clostridium, or actinomyces? | Actinomyces |
| Rod-shaped bacteria, some of which are endospore forming, are referred to as | bacilli |
| Beadlike chains of cocci formed after cell division along a single axis are called | streptococci |
| The causative agent for lyme-disease is a | Spirochete |
| Bacteria that use organic compounds as the source of both carbon and energy are referred to as | Chemoheterotrophs |
| Microorganisms that show optimal growth in moderate temperatures (between 25 and 40c) are called | Mesophiles |
| What is a common cause of peptic ulcers | Helicobacter pylor |
| Legionella and Neisseria are examples of | gram negative aerobic rods and cocci |
| staphylococci and streptococci are best classified in the group of | gram positive cocci |
| Bacteria that prefer high levels of salt in their growing environment are referred to as | halophiles |
| The time bacteria need to adapt to a medium, before cell division starts is called the ____ phase of a bacterial growth curve. | Lag |
| What can Viruses Infect | All Organisms |
| The correct sequence of stages in the multiplication of animal viruses is | Adsorption, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, release |
| A persistent infection that is not lytic but productive is called a ____ infection. | Chronic |
| What virus belongs to the family herpesviridae? | Epstein-Barr Virus |
| The most common viruses causing respiratory illness belong to | Adenoviridae |
| what part of the following bunyaviruses is not arthropod-borne? | Hantavirus |
| Which of the following diseases is caused by a human coronavirus? | SARS |
| Transmissible Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by | Prions |
| The phase of viral multiplication where no infectious phage particles can be found in the host cell is referred to as the _____ period | Eclipse |
| A virus that infects bacteria referred to as a _____ | Bacteriophage |
| The antibiotics penicillin and cephalosporins are produced by | Fungi |
| Fungi are free living ____ organisms | Heterotrophic |
| The so called red tide is generally caused by which of the following organisms | dinoflagellates |
| Which of the following microorganisms require a moist environment to survive and most often live in ponds, streams, lakes and oceans? | protozoans |
| Plasmodium isa type of | protozoan |
| Toxoplasma gondii belongs to which group of eukaryotic organisms? | protozoans |
| Which of the following is commonly referred to as a pinworm | Enterobius Vermicularis |
| The protozoan that lacks a cyst stage and therefore must be transferred quickly from host to host is | Trichomonas Vaginalis |
| The process by which the nucleus of protozoans undergoes multiple divisions before the cell divides is called | schizogony |
| Many species of protozoans are capable of entering a dormant stage in which the organism exists as a _____ | cyst |
| Reduction or removal of unwanted chemical or biological agents is the process of what? | Decontamination |
| Which has a higher resistance to environmental stresses than the others? | Bacterial Endospores |
| Which of the following methods is the simplest health-related method to sterilize metal? | Direct flaming |
| The technique that combines freezing and drying to preserve microbes and other cells it | Lyophilization |
| The term "zone of inhibition" is used in which of the following procedures? | disk-diffusion test |
| Which of the following is a general-purpose medium? | Tryptic soy agar |
| The destruction of all microorganisms and their endospores is referred to as | Sterilization |
| Which of the following stains is the most widely used differential stain in hematology laboratories? | Wright's stain |
| Media that contain complex organic substances such as blood for the growth of specific bacteria re referred to as | Enriches media |
| The stain used to identify bacteria with a large amount of peptidoglycan in their cell walls is the | Gram Stain |
| The branch of pharmacology, the addresses of drug amount of various sites in the body after drug administration is called… | Pharmacokinetics |
| The most rapid rate of drug absorption is achieved by what kind of administration | Intravenous |
| The specific antidote to the botulin toxin is… | Antitoxin |
| The term used to indicate the extent to which a drug reaches its site of action is… | Bio availability |
| All of the following are general metabolic or structural targets for antimicrobial drugs except; Lipid synthesis, inhibition, proteins, synthesis, inhibition, interference with nucleic acid, synthesis, or interference with cell wall synthesis. | Lipid synthesis, inhibition |
| Which of the following is not a common characteristic used in the selection of an anti microbial drug? Selective toxicity, selective, toxicity, ability to administer intravenously, potential for allergic reaction. | Ability to administered intravenously |
| The term bacteriostatic means the bacteria… | No longer can multiply |
| When two antibiotics are given together to increase the therapeutic affect, the phenomenon is referred to as… | Synergism |
| What antimicrobials are effective against mycobacteria? | Rifampin |
| What is an antiviral agent? | Amantadine |
Created by:
Acrump
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