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Bio Vocabulary

Intro to Bio and Scientific Method

TermDefinition
adaptation Structures, physiological processes, or behaviors that aid in survival or reproduction in a particular environment
atom The smallest possible particle of an element, which consists of a central nucleus(has neutrons and protons) and electrons outside the nucleus
autotroph The process by which organisms make their own food from inorganic compounds.
binomial system A system for naming species. Each organism is assigned a genus and a species. The genus is always capitalized but the species name is not.
biodiversity The diversity of species and interactions that sustain them
cell The smallest unit of life that can live on its own, makes up all living organisms and the tissues of the body.
cell theory This theory states that the cell is the basic unit of life.
chromosomes A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell that contains DNA.
community Two or more populations of different species living and interacting in the same area.
conclusion A statement written at the end based on experimental measurements and observations.
control All the variables not being tested remain constant and are then compared with the experimental situation
cytoplasm The organelles and the fluid surrounding them in the cell.
deductive reasoning The process of generating hypotheses about how a specific experiment or observation will turn out based on a well supported generalization such as a new theory.
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) The hereditary information of all known forms of life is contained within the type of molecule called DNA. The cell's genetic blueprint or molecular instruction manual, a guide to the construction and the operation of its body.
domain Name for the different groups organisms can be put into.
element A substance that can neither be broken down nor converted to different substances by ordinary chemical means.
energy The ability to do work, such as carrying out chemical reactions, growing leaves, or contracting a muscle.
eukaryotic One of the two different types of cells, generally larger than prokaryotic cells, contains a variety of other organelles.
evolution Theory that states that modern organisms descended and were modified from preexisting life forms.
experiment A procedure carried out under controlled conditions to discover an unknown effect or law.
gene A unit of heredity which is transferred from parent to child and determines the physical characteristics of the offspring.
heterotroph Organisms that cannot photosynthesize such as humans or animals. They require energy that is “prepackaged” into the molecules of other bodies of other organisms (animals or plants).
homeostasis The maintaining of constant balance in the organism’s body.
hypothesis A testable theory about the possible answer based on previous knowledge.
inductive reasoning The process of creating a generalization as a result of making many observations that support it, and none that contradict it.
kingdoms The six major subdivisions of the domains.
molecule A group of atoms bonded together.
multicellular Having or consisting of many cells.
mutation Mistakes that occur when DNA is being copied or when damage is taken by the DNA.
natural causality Principle that implies that all events can be traced to natural causes that are potentially within our ability to comprehend.
natural selection Process by which organisms with specific traits that help them cope with the rigors of their environment reproduce more successfully than others that lack these traits.
nucleus A membrane-enclosed sac containing the cell’s genetic material and controls the activities of the cell.
nutrient Substances an organism needs for energy and building materials.
observation The act of knowing or recording something using your senses.
organ Cells that combine which become tissue in multicellular organisms.
organelle Small structures specialized to carry out specific functions such as moving the cell, obtaining energy or synthesizing large molecules.
organic molecule Complex models that have a framework of carbon that has some hydrogen bond
organism A living thing made up of one or more cells and able to carry on the activities of life.
organ system Organs united by an overall function
photosynthesis A process that plants and some unicellular organisms use to store energy by capturing the sunlight directly and storing it in energy-rich molecules.
plasma membrane A thin casing around the cytoplasm of the cell.
population A group of individuals of the same species living and interbreeding within a given area.
prediction Made from a hypothesis, typically expressed in an “If... then...” format.
prokaryotic Small cells made up that don’t have a nucleus. Usually only 1-2 micrometers and don’t have membrane bound organelles.
question Something you say or write in order to ask or wonder something.
scientific method A process of experimentation used to explore observations and answer questions.
scientific theory An explanation that is thought out and produced by using the scientific method.
species Organisms of the same type that are capable of breeding with one another.
tissue Structures made from the combination of similar cells in multicellular organism.
unicellular A single celled organism. Unlike a multicellular, they are only consisted of one singular cell.
variable The single factor that is changed in the experiment.
Created by: em2008
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