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Lecture 6

RNAi

QuestionAnswer
What are miRNAs? 21-30 bp; unstructured transcripts
What are siRNAs? bound by specific proteins and target them to corresponding mRNA
What is the miRNA function in animal cells? affect translation; base pairing to the C-terminal
What is the miRNA function in plant cells? affect message stability
What is the siRNA function? base pairing to target RNA; targets for cleavage
What is the function of Dicer? degrade dsRNAs into short lengths, creating siRNAs
What is the function of Argonaut (Ago)? cleavage of mRNA in RISC
What is RISC? RNA-induced silencing machinery
What is RDRP? RNA-directed RNA Polymerase; uses RNA as a template to synthesize more RNA
What is the mechanism for RNAi activation, PTGS? RDRP amplifies signal, Dicer processes dsRNA, loads into Ago complex RISC, RISC targets mRNA with the siRNA and cleaves it
What is Drosha? dsRNA nuclease specific to miRNA; cuts miRNA into a hairpin
Which small RNA has to be a perfect match to target? siRNA
Which small RNA does not have to be a perfect match to target? miRNA
What is RITS? modified Argonaut/RISC complex; associated with heterochromatin formation
What is CRISPR-CAS? targeting system from bacteria; allows programming of enzyme with targeting RNA that directs toward invading DNA using PAM
Created by: javaughnr
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