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Chapter 3 Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
State the 2 parts of the modern atomic theory. (page 71) All matter is composed of atoms 2. Atoms may have different masses
What is the name of a positively charged particle? proton
What particle has about the same mass as a proton, but does not have a charge? neutron
What force causes the charge between protons in the nucleus? Nuclear forces
Why are atoms electrically neutral? They have equal numbers of protons and electrons
What is different about atoms of isotopes of the same element? They have a different number of neutrons
What is the same in all isotopes of hydrogen? They all have one proton
What does the atomic number indicate about an atom? Number of protons in each atom
What does the mass number indicate about an atom? Total number of protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus
As the mass number increases, what happens to the number of protons in the atom The protons stay the same
What is the same in all atoms of the same element? Atomic number (protons and electrons)
What can be different in atoms of the same element? Mass number
What is used as a standard to compare the masses of the elements? (It gives a basis for a relative atomic mass.) Carbon 12- atom
What is the average atomic mass of an element an average of? the mass of isotope
Is the average atomic mass: the mass of the most abundant isotope, unequal to any mass of its isotopes, able to be calculated, or always equal to 100?? Unequal to any mass of its isotope
What is the “better” name for the mass listed on the periodic table? Average atomic mass
Know how to determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom when given its atomic number and mass number. Atomic #= protons Protons = electrons Mass # - atomic # = neutrons
Know how to determine at atom’s mass number when given its number of each subatomic particle. Atomic # + number of neutrons = mass # Protons + neutrons = mass number
When given the hyphen notation form of an isotope, know how to determine the number of neutrons. Oxygen - 16 8 protons Mass number - atomic number = neutrons
When given the hyphen notation form of an isotope, know how to determine the number of neutrons and protons. Atomic number = protons Neutrons = mass number - atomic number
When given the hyphen notation form of an isotope and the number of neutrons, know how to determine the number of protons and electrons. Oxygen -16 8 neutrons Mass number - neutrons = atomic number
How many atoms are in 1 mol of a substance? 6.02 x 10^23
What is the name for the number of atoms in 1 mole of a substance? Avogadro’s number
If two elements have different atomic numbers, but you have 1 mole of each, how many atoms of each do you have? Same number of atoms
What is Avogadro’s number? 6.02 x 10^23/ number of atoms in 1 mole of a substance
What is the molar mass of an element? Atomic mass of element = mass of 1 mole
Know how to convert moles to mass in grams. Mass in grams = number of moles (given) x molar mass (periodic table)
Know how to convert grams to moles. Number of moles= mass in grams(given)/ molar mass (periodic table)
Know how to convert moles to # of atoms. Number of atoms = number of moles x Avogadro’s number
Know how to convert # of atoms to moles. Number of moles = atoms/ Avogadro’s number
Know how to determine the average atomic mass of an element when given the percent abundance of each isotope and the isotope’s mass. Copper-63 69.15% 0.6915 Copper-65 30.85% 0.3085 0.6915 x 63 = 43.5645 0.3085 x 65 = 20.0525 63.617
Created by: maggiep13
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