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Shay's Rebellion
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"republican motherhood"
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Period 3 APUSH
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Shay's Rebellion | protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt. Showed that the Articles of Confederation were weak. |
| "republican motherhood" | the idea that daughters and mother should be taught to uphold ideas of Republicanism. They would pass their Republican values to further generations |
| election of 1800 | Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) defeated John Adams (Federalist) by a vote of seventy-three to sixty-five |
| Articles of Confederation (strengths) | one legislature (congress), each state have one equal vote, Northwest Ordinance |
| Articles of Confederation (weaknesses) | lacking power to levy taxes, raise an army, or regulate commerce |
| Federalists | advocated for a strong central government and a loose interpretation of the constitution (power held at the state) (Hamilton) |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | made it harder for an immigrant to become a citizen, allowed the president to imprison and deport noncitizens who were dangerous or who were from a hostile nation, and criminalized making false statements that were critical of the federal government |
| Federalism | Federalism is a mixed or compound mode of government that combines a general government with regional governments in a single political system, dividing the powers between the two. |
| Whiskey Rebellion | tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791, during the presidency of George Washington. The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government. |
| John Adams | Represented the British soldiers during the trial of the Boston Massacre |
| Alexander Hamilton | First Secretary of the Treasury. Fought for a National Bank. |
| Virginia Plan | a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch |
| XYZ Affair | political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, early in the administration of John Adams, involving a confrontation between the United States and Republican France that led to an undeclared war called the Quasi-War |
| New Jersey Plan | the unicameral legislature with one vote per state was inherited from the Articles of Confederation. |
| Battle of Yorktown | end of the revolution; Cornwallis surrendered |
| electoral college | founding fathers established it in the Constitution as a compromise between election of the President by a vote in Congress and election of the President by a popular vote of qualified citizens. |
| Great Compromise | A delegate from Connecticut, Roger Sherman, proposed a two-house legislature, consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives. |
| Committees of Correspondence | shadow governments organized by the Patriot leaders of the Thirteen Colonies on the eve of the American Revolution. |
| Stamp Act Congress | it was the first gathering of elected representatives from several of the American colonies to devise a unified protest against new British taxation. |
| salutary neglect | Britain's unofficial policy to relax the enforcement of strict regulations, particularly trade laws, imposed on the American colonies late in the seventeenth and early in the eighteenth centuries. |
| Albany Plan of Union | 1754 plan to create a unified government for the Thirteen Colonies, suggested by Benjamin Franklin and a delegate from Pennsylvania, at the Albany Congress in July 10, 1754 in Albany, New York |
| Sugar Act | 1764; set a tax on sugar and molasses imported into the colonies which impacted the manufacture of rum in New England. |
| Quartering Act | 1765; required the colonies to house British soldiers in barracks provided by the colonies. |
| Stamp Act | 1765; tax was imposed on all American colonists and required them to pay a tax on every piece of printed paper they used. |
| Townshend Act | 1767; imposed duties on glass, lead, paints, paper and tea imported into the colonies. |
| Coercive Acts | 1774; a series of acts established by the British government, wanted to restore order in Massachusetts and punish for their Tea Party, in which members of the revolutionary-minded Sons of Liberty boarded three British tea ships in Boston Harbor to protest |
| Writs of Assistance | warrants authorized customhouse officers (with the assistance of a sheriff, justice of the peace, or constable) to search any house for smuggled goods without specifying either the house or the goods |
| First Continental Congress | First Continental Congress – in response to the British Parliament’s enactment of the Coercive Acts in the American colonies, the first session of the Continental Congress convenes at Carpenter’s Hall in Philadelphia. |
| Olive Branch Petition | Olive Branch Petition - represents the last attempt by the moderate party in North America to avoid a war of independence against Britain |
| Land Ordinance | 1785 set forth how the government of the United States would measure, divide and distribute the land it had acquired from Great Britain north and west of the Ohio River at the end of the American Revolution. |
| War of 1812 | The War of 1812 was an armed conflict between the United States and the British Empire. The British restricted the American trade since they feared it was harmful for their war with France. |
| Bunker Hill | british defeated the Americans. Despite their loss, the inexperienced colonial forces inflicted significant casualties against the enemy, and the battle provided them with an important confidence boost. |
| Thomas Paine ; Common Sense | Inspired people to support independence. |
| The Federalists Papers | essays written by Madison, Jay and Hamilton written to ease the fears people had about the Constitution. |
| Public Land Act (1796) | intent was to reduce the prices so settlers were able to manage the cost and move into unsettled areas. However, the majority of the individuals that purchased property under this act turned out to be speculators rather than settlers. |
| Constitutional Convention | intended to revise the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among them James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one. |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | three out of five slaves count for representation and taxation |
| Pinckney Treaty | 1795; agreement between Spain and the United States, fixing the southern boundary of the United States at 31° N latitude and establishing commercial arrangements favorable to the United States |
| Proclamation of Neutrality | 1793; stated that the US would take no part in a war between two or more other powers, specifically France and Great Britain. |
| Democratic Republicans (also: Anti-Federalists) | wanted small government limited by a strict interpretation of the Constitution , wanted a Bill of Rights added to the Constitution (Jefferson) |
| Second Contiental Congress | 1775; managed the colonial war effort, and moved incrementally towards independence, adopting the United States Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776 |
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