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Middle East Politics

Midterm Key Terms

QuestionAnswer
Neo-jihad It is a political movement and is a terrorist movement that interprets religious texts radically to fit their agenda.
Sharia Islamic law “Versus of ruling”. The Quran and the hadith form a basis of Islamic law. Sharia provides guidance for every sort of experience that you may encounter within your lifetime.
Shia They believe that imams are divinely inspired and know the hidden knowledge as well as the hidden meaning of the Qur’an. Imam sees themselves as a mediator between man and God as a sort of living spiritual guide. Predominantly found in Iran
Rashidun This is the first 4 successors of Mohammed. Rashidun means “the rightly guided Caliphs” also known as the golden era of Islam.
Caliphate Is the rule of, or land ruled by, an Islamic political leader. An example of a caliphate is an Islamic leader believed to be directly descended from Muhammad.
Sufism Is a mystical form of Islam and is a motive dimension of religious experience in pursuit of divine love. They also believe in voluntary suffering to become closer to God practicing a distinctive form of worship called Dhikr.
Fundamentalism Contemporary religiopolitical movements that aim to establish the primacy of the spiritual authority. Fundamentalism originated in the early 20th century and is found in many religions such as Christianity and Judaism, not just Islam.
Wahhabism A strictly orthodox Sunni Muslim sect founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It advocates a return to the early Islam of the Koran and Sunna, rejecting later innovations; the sect is still the predominant religious force in Saudi Arabia.
Hijra Is immigration of a prophet and his supporters which is Muslims immigrating West to the land of war. Though they moved to the land of war Muslims must preserve their religion/identity and is an opportunity to spread Islam to a non-Muslim state
Constitution of Medina Sets down the rules of the community of Medina, outlines the rights and duties of all citizens, and grants cultural and religious autonomy
Created by: Matt58
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