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D-A&P U4 Vocab
Dental A&P Unit 4 Vocab for Mrs. Kaspar's Class
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Action | movement accomplished by a muscle when the muscle fibers contract |
Facial Paralysis | loss of action of the facial muscles |
Insertion | end of the muscle that is attached to the more moveable structure |
Muscle | type of body tissue that shortens under neural control, causing soft tissue and bony structures to move |
Origin | end of the muscle that is attached to the least moveable structure |
Skeletal Muscles | voluntary muscles, appear stiped microscopically (striated), many nuclei |
What are the two cervical muscles? | sternocleidomastoid and trapezius |
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) | flexes or tilts the head... |
Cardiac Muscles | involuntary, involving the heart, branched with 1-2 nuclei |
Smooth Muscles | involuntary, in the walls of hollow organs and blood vessels, spindle, 1 nuclei |
Arteries | carry blood away from the heart |
Vein | carry blood to the heart |
Where is the insertion for facial muscles | the skin |
What can cause an inability to form facial expressions | damage to the seventh cranial/nerve |
Masseter Muscle | muscle of mastication, one of the strongest muscles |
Mastication | chewing |
Epicranial Muscle | in the scalp region, raises eyebrows |
Orbicularis Oculi Muscle | opens/closes eyelid |
Corrugator Supercillii Muscle | medial wrinkle between eyebrows |
Chemodenervation | botox |
Procerus | pulls eyebrow medial end down as in a frown or squint |
Dilator Naris | pulls down on nostrils in a flare/dilation |
Compressor Naris | closing and compressing of nostrils |
Orbicularis Oris Muscle | closes the lips, pursing the lips (kissing muscle) |
Lip Incompetence | failure to provide a lip seal can affect the position of the teeth |
Buccinator Muscle | muscle of mastication, quadrilateral muscle that forms the anterior part of the cheek or lateral wall within the buccal region |
Pterygomandibular Raphe | tendinous band posterior to the most distal mandibular molar, spans between the mandibular ramus and the middle palate |
Risorius Muscle | thine, in the oral region in a smiling or grimace |
Levator Labii Superioris | broad and flat muscle, smiling/uplift (elvis muscle) |
Zygomaticus Major Muscle | lateral to the minor |
Zygomaticus Minor | elevates the upper lip (smiling) |
Levator Anguli Oris Muscle | elevates the labial commisure (smilling) |
Deppresor Anguli Oris Muscle | depresses the labial commisure (frowning) |
Deppresor Labii Inferioris Muscle | depresses lower lip |
Mentalis Muscle | raises chin |
Platysma Muscle | raises neck skin |
Are muscle of the ear paired? | yes |
Anterior Auricular Muscles | arise from connective scalp tissue, run posterior to the anterior ear, pulls ears forward |
Superior Auricular Muscles | raises the ear |
Posterior Auricular muscles | pulls ears back |
Are the scalp muscles paired? | yes |
Platysma | the only neck muscle that affects facial expression |
Corrugator | pulls up the eyebrow medially and down in a frown |
Levator Palpebrae Superioris | raises the upper eyelid |
Do the mouth muscles aid in mastication | yes |
Muscles of mastication | temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoid, and the buccinator |
Masseter | most powerful, elevates the mandible, originates from two areas on the zygomatic arch |
Temporal Muscle | elevates and detrudes mandible, fan-shaped, originates from temporal fossa |
Medial Pterygoid Muscle | elevates the mandible, attaches to the medial of the mandibular angle |
Lateral Pterygoid Muscle | opens mandible, fibers that run primarily horizontally |
Suprahyoid | above the hyoid; includes the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid |
Infrahyoid | below the hyoid; includes the omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid |
Digastric | retrudes the mandible, can lift the hyoid bone and pulls up the larynx, and helps pull the mandible down |
Mylohyoid | forms the mouth floor |
Geniohyoid | depresses mandible or elevates the hyoid |
Stylohyoid | pulls hyoid up and back |
Omohyoid | brings up the hyoid bone |
Sternohyoid | pulls hyoid |
Sternothyroid | pulls larynx down |
Thyrohyoid | lifts thyroid/larynx or depresses hyoid |