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US History: Gov't
Government Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Republic | A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting |
| Articles of Confederation | A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War. |
| Cabinet | A group of advisers to the president. |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | A law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers. |
| Bank of the US | Part of Alexander Hamilton's Plan, it would save the government's surplus money until it was needed. |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | Created the Northwest Territory (area north of the Ohio River and west of Pennsylvania), established conditions for self-government and statehood, included a Bill of Rights, and permanently prohibited slavery |
| Democratic- Republicans | Led by Thomas Jefferson, believed people should have political power, favored strong STATE governments, emphasized agriculture, strict interpretation of the Constitution, pro-French, opposed National Bank |
| Shay’s Rebellion | A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to stop foreclosures of farms as a result of high taxes |
| Two-party System | An electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in national elections. |
| Great Compromise | agreement providing a dual system of congressional representation (Senate and House of Representatives) |
| Protective Tariff | A tax on imported goods that raises the price of imports so people will buy domestic goods |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | the agreement by which the number of each state's representatives in Congress would be based on a count of all the free people plus three-fifths of the slaves |
| Excise tax | a tax on the production or sale of a good, eg, the whiskey rebellion |
| Federalism | A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments |
| Sectionalism | Loyalty to one's own region of the country, rather than to the nation as a whole |
| Legislative Branch | Law making branch of government |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | Series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants |
| Executive Branch | the branch of government that carries out laws. President is the head of it. |
| Nullification | A state's refusal to recognize an act of Congress that it considers unconstitutional |
| Judicial Branch | Interprets the laws. The supreme court is the head of this branch |
| Midnight Judges | one of the judges appointed by John Adams in the last hours of his administration |
| Checks and balances | A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power |
| Louisiana Purchase | territory in western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million |
| Electoral College | A group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president |
| Ratification | To pass |
| Bill of Rights | First 10 amendments to the constitution |
| Federalists | A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures. |
| Antifederalists | Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption. |
Created by:
KOSKINEN425
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