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Body Struc1
Body Structure Test 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ANAPLASIA | Loss of differentiation of cells |
| ANOMALY | Deviation from normal |
| ATROPHY | wasting away, a decrease in the size of a cell, tissue, organ or part |
| BENIGN | not malignant, not recurring |
| ACTIVE TRANSPORT | membrane transport process that requires cellular energy |
| CYTOKINESIS | Division of the two cytoplasm at the end of mitosis to form two separate daughter cells |
| DIFFUSION | Movement of atoms, ions or molecule from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration |
| MEIOSIS | Type of nuclear division which the number of chromosomes is reduced to one half the number found in a body cell, result is the formation of an egg or sperm |
| MITOSIS | process by which the nucleus of a body cell divides to form two new cells, each identical to the parent cell |
| OSMOSIS | Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| PASSIVE TRANSPORT | membrane transport process that does not require cellular energy |
| PHAGOCYTOSIS | Cell eating, a form of endocytosis in which solid particles are taken into the cell |
| PINOCYTOSIS | Cell drinking. A form of endocytosis in which fluid droplets are taken into the cell. |
| CARCINOGEN | An agent that causes cancer, known carcinogens include chemicals and drugs, radiation and viruses |
| CONGENITAL DISORDER | An abnormal condition that is present at birth and continues to exist from the time of birth |
| CYTOLOGY | Study of cells, including their origin, structure, function and pathology |
| DYSPLASIA | abnormality in development, alteration in size, shape and organization of cells |
| GENETIC DISORDER | condition or disease that is caused by a defective gene and may appear at any time in life, aka hereditary disorder |
| HYPERPLASIA | abnormal increase in the number of cells resulting from the increase in the frequency of cell division |
| HYPERTROPHY | Enlargement of an organ attributable to an increase to the size of the individual constituent cells |
| ARRECTOR PILI | Contract to cause “goose bumps” to raise the hairs in the skin and provide insulating layer against the cold |
| CERUMIMOUS GLAND | Specialized glands found only in the skin of the external auditory meatus. |
| DERMIS | Deep thicker layer of skin. |
| EPIDERMIS | the outermost protective layer of the skin. |
| KERATINIZATION | The process where a protein that is a major component of hair, nails and the epidermis protects the body from taking on too much water. |
| MELANIN | a brown-black pigment [produced by melanocytes, found mostly in the basal layer of the epidermis. |
| SEBACEOUS GLAND | (oil glands) lie close to the hair follicles into which they usually drain. |
| SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER | the layer beneath the dermis and on top of a layer of muscle. |
| SUDORIFEROUS GLAND | (Sweat Glands) located in the Dermis |
| ALOPECIA | Baldness R/T disease, high fever, emotional stress, surgery, pregnancy, starvation, chemotherapy, radiation or heredity factors. |
| BASAL CELL CARCINOMA | |
| CELLULITIS | Infection of connective tissues with severe inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous layers of the skin |
| DERMATITIS | Inflammation of the skin |
| ECZEMA | An inflammatory skin disease with red, itching vesicular lesions that may crust over, common allergic reaction, but may occur w/o any obvious cause. |
| ESCHAR | A slough produced by a burn or gangrene |
| IMPETIGO | Superficial skin infection caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria and characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions |
| MALIGNANT MELANOMA | Cancerous neoplasm’s composed of melanocytes that account for 3& of all cancers |
| NEVUS | An elevated, pigmented lesion the skin |
| PRURITUS | Severe itching, one of the most common problems in dermatology, arises as a result of stimulation of nerves in the skin by enzymes released in allergic reactions or by other irritating substances |
| URTICARIA | Allergic transient skin eruptions characterized by elevated lesions, called wheals, and often accompanied by severe itching and burning |
| WART | Epidermal growth on the skin caused by a virus, plantar warts occur on the soles of the feet, juvenile warts occur on the hands and face of children, and venereal warts occur in the genital area |
| XERODERMA PIGMENTOSUM | A pigmentary and atrophic inherited disease of the skin and eyes that is characterized by vascular lesions, excessive freckling, keratinous growths, carcinoma, photophobia, ocular opacities, and tumors. Involves defect in the enzymes active in the repair |
| Describe the structure of the two layers of the skin: | |
| Epidermis | (Top to Bottom) Stratum Corneum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Melanocyte and Stratum Basale |
| Dermis | (Top to Bottom) Papillary Region, Papillae and Reticular Region |
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