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Chapter12 Metabolism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The endothermic metabolic process that involves the synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones is called: | anabolism |
| The conversions of proteins into amino acids, polysaccharides into monosaccharides, and lipids into glycerol and fatty acids are all examples of: | hydrolysis |
| What is the abbreviation for the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide? | NADH |
| What is the abbreviation for the oxidized form of flavin adenine dinucleotide FADH2? | FADH |
| Which of the following macromolecules are first broken down in the mouth by an enzyme called amylase? | Carbohydrates |
| The final product of aerobic glycolysis is: | pyruvate |
| The acetyl group in acetyl CoA is linked through what kind of bond? | C-S bond |
| Pyruvate contains how many carbon atoms? | 3 |
| The metabolic process that involves the synthesis of smaller molecules from larger ones is called: | catabolism |
| The organelle that is considered to be the energy producing factory of the cell is called the: | mitochondria |
| How many carbon atoms are removed during each four-step cycle of B-oxidation of a fatty acid? | 2 |
| What is the final product of the electron transport chain? | H2O |
| The metabolic process that breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate is | glycolysis |
| Which of the following molecules contains high energy bonds? | ATP |
| How many ATP are formed when one molecule of glucose goes through glycolysis? | 2 |
| Pyruvate can be converted into two different products depending on whether oxygen is readily available or not. Under conditions of strenuous activity, the product is: | lactate |
| The process of _____ is when pyruvate is converted to ethanol. | fermentation |
| Which of the following is the first molecule formed in the citric acid cycle? | citrate |
| In the first complex of the electron transport chain, how many protons are pumped across the inner membrane of the mitochondria? | 2 |
| The process that removes CO2 from the molecules is called: | oxidative decarboxylation |
| How many CO2 molecules are formed in one turn of the citric acid cycle? | 2 |
| The breakdown and digestion of carbohydrates is considered to be a (n) _____process. | catabolic |
| The initial reaction in the B-oxidation spiral of fatty acids produces: | fatty acyl CoA |
| How many NADH molecules are formed during a turn of the citric acid cycle? | 3 |
| The reactions of the citric acid cycle take place in the ________of the mitochondria. | matrix |
| Which of the following products of glycolysis is an inhibitor of the enzyme phosphofructokinase to slow down the process? | ATP |
| The total number of ATP produced on the complete metabolism of glucose in skeletal muscle is: | 32 |
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