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Musculoskeletal Term
Anatomy of Musculoskeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Genu | The knee - any structure of angular form |
| Valgus | Bent or turned outward. Genu Valgus (bowlegged) - Lateral alignment of knee greater than 195⁰ of legs - valgum. |
| Varus | Angled or turned inward (i.e. knocked knee) |
| Talipes | talus - ankle + pes - foot. Of or pertaining to foot. |
| Arcuatus | Exaggerated medial arch - talipes arcuatus - of the foot |
| Cavus | -a, um - having a depression on the surface, concave; howllow; full of caves, cavernous, porous |
| Thenar | of or relating to the palm of the hand or to the area at the base of the thumb |
| Ligamentum Flavum | located in the vertebral foramen; reinforces the medial facet joints capsule. |
| Tophus | a deposit of urates around a joint or in the external ear. Gouty tophus. |
| Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome | TMJ - condyle over rides and the mandible gets out of position, joint pain. |
| Osteomyelitis | infection of bone and bone marrow causing inflammation |
| Bursitis | inflammation of a bursa |
| Paget Disease | skeletal disease affecting elderly people that caused chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones and bowing of long bones |
| Osteitis Deformans | skeletal disease of the elderly that is chracterized by chronic bone inflammation. (Paget's disease) |
| Fibromyalgia | condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and soft tissue |
| Osteoarthritis | Deterioration of the articular cartilage covering the ends of bones in synovial joints from inflammatory and noninflammatory causes. The resulting abrasion, pitting and thinning of the cartilage surface eventually exposes the bone. |
| √Rheumatoid Arthritis | A chronic, systemic, inflammatory, progressive disorder of joints that can occur between 3-80 years. The cause may be associated with infection, autoimmunity, trauma, stress or familiar predisposition` |
| Fusiform | Spindle-shaped; elongated, thick in the middle, and tapered at both ends, s |
| Equinovarus | Severe clubfoot, PF and everted foot |
| Tenosynovitis | Tendonitis, Inflammation of the synovial-lined sheath membrane covering a tendon. Results in tenderness, pain with movement, limited ROM of joint |
| Rotator Cuff | supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor are known muscles of the ________. |
| Malleolar | pertaining to the malleolus (bone that sticks out on each ankle) |
| Osteoporosis | abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium - kyphosis is hallmark sign |
| Dupuytren Contracture | idiopathic shrinking and thickening of the fascia on the palm of hand |
| Planus | level, flat - like pes planus (flat foot) |
| Hallux | The big or great toe |
| Ankle Landmarks | Medial malleolus, lateral malleololus, and the Achilles tendon. |
| Ankle Landmarks | Medial malleolus, lateral malleololus, and the Achilles tendon. |
| Tophus | a calculus containing sodium urate that develops in fibrous tissue around joints, typically in patients with gout. |
| Knee Landmarks | Tibial tuberosity, medial and lateral tibial condyles, medial and lateral epicondyles of the femur, adductor tubercle of the femur and the patella |
| Femoral Torsion | Variation in leg alignment - rotation of proximal end of femur |
| Femoral Curvature | increased by obesity |
| Genu Valgum | Knock-Knees |
| Genu Varum | Bowlegs |
| Genu Recurvatum | Excessive hyperextension of the knee with weioght bearing (indicative of week quadriceps |
| Tibiofemoral Joint Space | patella, suprapatellar pouch and the infrapatellar fat pad. |
| Abduction | (physiology) moving of a body part away from the central axis of the body |
| Adduction | (physiology) moving of a body part toward the central axis of the body |
| Crepitus | Crackling sound produced when ends of bone rub against each other or against roughened cartilage. |
| Eversion | turning sole outward; weight on inner edge of the foot |
| Gibbus | An abrupt alteration in the normally smooth thoracic curvature is called angular kyphosis. It is accompanies by an unusually prominent spinous process called a gibbus.; A hump of a deformed spine. |
| Goniometer | instrument used to measure joint angles (gonio = angle) |
| Gower | Sign in children indicating generalized muscle weakness |
| Hallux Valgus | Deformity in which the great toe is angled laterally toward the other toes, forming a bunion |
| Inversion | Turning sole inward; weight on outer edge of the foot |
| Kyphosis | exaggerated posterior (outward) curvature of the thoracic spine (hunchback) |
| Lordosis | abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine (sway-back condition) |
| Mallet Toe | Flexion deformity at the distal interphalangeal joint of the foot |
| Pes Cavus | Abnormally high arch of the foot |
| Pes Planus | flat foot |
| Polydactyly | condition of having extra fingers/toes |
| Pronation | rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face downward |
| Simian | single crease extending across the entire palm, associated with Down's syndrome |
| Supination | rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face upward |
| Syndactyly | birth defect in which there is partial or total webbing connecting two or more fingers or toes |
| Osteoarthritis | Heberden nodes and Bouchard nodes noted on hands |
| Lumbar Disk Herniation | Low back pain that radiates to the buttocks and posterior |
| Gout Arthritis of the Great Toe | Heat, redness, swelling, and tenderness to the metatarsophalangeal joint |
| toid arthritis | Subcutaneous nodules on the forearm near the elbow |
| Epicondulitis Oletendinitis | Tenderness, swelling, and boggy sensation with palpation along the grooves of the olecranon process; increased pain with pronation and supination |
| Muscular Dystrophy | A child with muscle atrophy and symptoms of progressive muscle weakness |
| Radial Head Subluxation | A child complaining of pain in the elbow and wrist; will not move his/her arm; maintains arm in flexed and pronated position |
| Bursitis | Limitation of motion caused by swelling, pain or motion, point tenderness |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | Numbness, burning and tingling in the hands |
| Paget Disease | Excessive bone resorption and bone formation |
| Fibromyalgia | Painful, nonarticular condition that affects muscles |
| Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease | Avascular necrosis of the femoral head |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | Inflamed intervertebral disks become infiltrated with vascular connective tissue |
| Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome | Unilateral facial pain that worsens with joint movement |
| Gout | Sudden onset of hot, swollen joint, limited range of motion |
Created by:
tmerz
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