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NeuroPhysiology

Neurology

QuestionAnswer
EEGs are useful when: Looking for evidence of epilepsy; determine if a shaking episode is epilepsy; detn whether someone is conscious; detecting absence of brain activity
EEG: absence seizure characteristic pattern which is diagnostic; intermittently occurs even when pt not having seizure
NCSE: ongoing seizure which has little if any movement assoc w/ it (most of these pts have PMH of seizure or brain injury)
Pt w/single seizure: if sx of epileptiform discharges on EEG: likely to have further seizures
Pt w/single seizure: if MRI shows structural brain lesion: more likely to have further seizures
Pseudoseizure Clinically resembles seizure; does not have EEG evidence of seizure, or respond to epilepsy meds
EEG & coma EEG can show presence & degree of coma or encephalopathy but not etiology
EEG & brain death Brain death = clinical dx based on neuro exam; if EEG is completely flat: no evidence of brain activity; useful adjunct to dx brain death; some pts who meet brain death criteria have EEG activity
NCS uses electrodes; record response to shock (amp & timing)
EMG uses needle; electrical activity observed during rest & activitation
NCS & EMG interp: very dependent on person performing & interpreting study
NCS / EMG useful: suspicion of peripheral nerve or mx injury; detect CTS; investigate polyneuropathy (sometimes suggest etiologies); investigate radiculopathy or mx dz
Evoked potential studies to study conduction of CNS pathways; electrodes on scalp; brain potentials recorded in response to stim
Evoked potential studies: 3 kinds: Visual; Brainstem (auditory); Somatosensory
Evoked potential studies: useful to dx: MS (VEP, SSEP), spinal cord diseases
Visual evoked potential: optic neuritis: After optic neuritis, the VEP will often remain abnormal indefinitely even after recovery of vision
SSEP record potentials from stimulus at wrist or ankle
Created by: Abarnard
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