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Lifespan Test #3
Mod 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Disorders of Immune System | - Hypersensitivity Reactions - Autoimmune Disorders - Immune Deficiencies |
| Hypersensitivity Reactions | - Anaphylaxis - Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions - Measles - Transplant Rejections |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | - Chronic Inflammatory Disorder - Can damage joints, skin, eyes, lungs, heart & blood vessels |
| Ulcerative Colitis | - An inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in digestive tract. - Develop over time, instead of suddenly - Affects innermost lining of large intestine (colon) & Rectum. |
| Multiple Sclerosis | - Disabling disease of the brain & spinal cord - Attacks protective sheath that covers nerve fibers - Eventually will cause permanent damage or deterioration of nerve. |
| Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction | - IgE Mediated - Onset within 1 Hour - Anaphylaxis |
| Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reaction | - IgG or IgM Cytotoxic - Onset Hours to Days - Hemolytic Anemia |
| Type 3 Hypersensitivity Reaction | - Immune complex Mediated / IgG or IgM - Onset 1 - 3 weeks - Serum Sickness / Systemic Lupus |
| Type 4 Hypersensitivity Reaction | - T Cell Mediated / Delayed Type - Onset is days to weeks - Rash |
| Anaphylaxis S & S | - Stridor - Wheezing - Respiratory arrest - Hypotension - Tachycardia - Cardiac Arrest |
| Treatment for anaphylaxis | - Oxygen - Epinephrine - Antihistamines - Corticosteroids - Vasopressors - Mechanical Ventilation |
| Angioedema | - Form of urticaria (hives) - Affects submucosal/subcutaneous tissue |
| Serum Sickness | - An immune complex mediated hypersensitivity reaction - Fever, rash, polyarthritis, polyarthralgia - 7 - 10 days after penicillin/sulfonamide - Severe urticaria and angioedema |
| Pernicious Anemia | - Vitamin B12 Deficiency - RBC production decreased - Caused by gastric or small bowel resections - Corticosteroids / Vitamin B12 Injections (lifelong) |
| Idiopathic Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia | - Unknown - Autoantibodies attach to RBC's - Medication side effect - Underlying disease process |
| Idiopathic Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia S & S | - Mild Fatigue - Pallor - Hypotension - Dyspnea - Jaundice |
| Bactrum | - trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole - bactericidal action against susceptible bacteria (UTI; Bronchitis) - 5 to 10 days (160 mg / 800 mg SMX) w/ glass of water - Contraindicated in warfarin; phenytoin; diuretics |
| Vancomycin | - firvanq; vancocin - Antibiotic that treats gram positive pathogens (CDIFF) - 125 mg q6h for 10 days - Contraindicated in Asprin; aminoglycosides; cyclosporine, loop |
| Prednisone | - Rayo's; sterapred; deltasone - Corticosteroid - Decrease inflammation + improve immunity - Treats Asthma, Prevent organ rejection, allergy - Contraindications vaccines, morphine, digoxin, warfarin. - Can cause insomnia if taken late in the day |
| cefazolin | - Binds to bacterial cell wall, causing cell death - 500 to 1000 mg (q6-8h) morning + bedtime |
| Zidovudine | - Retrovir - HIV treatment (taken for life) - 300 mg Q12h; 200mg TID; 100 mg Q4H - Latex; Tachycardia; Lactic Acidosis; Obesity - Monitor CBC, CD4, Viral Load |
| Hashimoto's Thyroiditis | - Thyroid doesn't make enough thyroid hormone - Goiter; Fatigue; Weight Gain; Muscle Weakness - Lifelong thyroxin |
| Discoid lupus erythematosus | - Chronic skin condition - Inflammation + Scarring of face, ears, and scalp - Lesions, red, inflamed, scaling + crusting |
| Drug induced systemic lupus | - Autoimmune phenomenon - Drug exposure leads to systemic lupus |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | - Autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks itself - Widespread inflammation + tissue damage - Can affect joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys, blood vessels - No cure; Young Women; African American/Hispanic - Butterfly rash |
| Ankylosing Spondylitis | - An inflammatory disease that over time can cause some the bones in the spine (vertebrae) to fuse - Spine less flexible; hunched posture - No cure |
| Hypogammaglobulinemia | - Problem w/ immune system that prevents it from making enough antibodies (immunoglobulins) - Prone to infection - Treatment - IgG injections; Fresh frozen plasma |
| HIV | - Virus that breaks down cells in your immune system - Chronic Infection w/ treatment - Untreated HIV leads to AIDS |
| AIDS | - Chronic, life threatening condition caused by HIV - Final Stage of HIV infection - No cure - Can be fatal - CD4 less than 200 cells/microliter |
| HIV 7 Steps | - Binding - Fusion - Reverse Transcriptase - Integrase - Replication - Packaging - Budding |
| HIV progression | - Initial Infection - Clinical Latency - System free period - CD4 T-Lymphocytes decreasing - 8-12 years until symptoms - Weakening Immune System |
| HIV mode of transmission | - Blood - Breast Milk - Semen - Vaginal Secretions - Anal Sex - Not spread casually |
| PrEP | - Can reduce chances of getting HIV - Highly effective for preventing - Daily Pill - Take consistenly |
| HIV symptoms | - Fatigue - Headache - Fever - Lymphadenopathy - Diarrhea - Sore throat |
| Opportunistic Infections | - Candida Albicans (yeast, thrush) - Cytomegalovirus - Pneumocystis Pneumonia - TB - Kaposi Sarcoma |
| Normal CD4 T Count | 332 - 1,642 |
| Viral Load Testing | - Measures amount of HIV in blood - Within 1 month of therapy - 3 to 4 months intervals for 2 years - Every 6 months if virus is suppressed - Goal is undetectable viral load |
| NRTI's | - Block HIV reverse transcriptase - Inhibit Reverse transcriptase / Viral replication |
| T - Cells | - Lymph nodes and Nodules, spleen - Killer T Cells - Remember specific foreign antigens - Limit immune response |
| B Cells | - Plasma cells produce antibodies to specific foreign Antigen - Memory Cells - Proliferate / Differentiate - Form antigen-antibody complex |
| Five Classes of human antibodies | IgG IgA IgM IgD IgE |
Created by:
Cgannon12
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