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Ch. 12 Study Guide
Mrs. Hall SJMS - The Great Depression and the New Deal
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the 2 main highways that brought migrant workers from the Dust Bowl area to the West Coast? | Highway 66 and Highway 30 |
| Which states were the most affected by the Dust Bowl storms? | Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, and New Mexico |
| Which states did people travel to in search of new jobs? | California, Oregon and Washington |
| What was the northernmost state that was damaged by the dust storms? | North Dakota |
| Which city of the following cities was in the area of severe damage in the Dust Bowl: El Paso, Dodge City, Albuquerque, Sacremento? | Dodge City |
| History Repeats Itself: What was the impact of the sinking of the Lusitania on World War I? | The sinking of the Lusitania angered Americans and led to the U.S.A. entering the war. |
| History Repeats Itself: What was the League of Nations? | The League of Nations was the peacekeeping organization created after World War I. It was one of Woodrow Wilson's points in his Fourteen Points. |
| History Repeats Itself: What countries were part of the Allied Powers in World War I? | France, Great Britain, Belgium, Russia and 7 other nations. |
| History Repeats Itself: What countries werer part of the Central Powers in World War I? | Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria |
| History Repeats Itself: What was Woodrow Wilson's policy of neutrality on World War I? | Wilson promised to keep the U.S. out of the war and campaigned on neutrality for re-election, but growing tension over u-boats, the Zimmerman Telegram and other issues caused him to change his policy. |
| History Repeats Itself: What are the Wright Brothers best known for? | The Wright Brothers, Orville and Wilbur, invented the first working airplane. |
| History Repeats Itself: What was Prohibition? | Prohibition was created by the 18th Amendment ban on the manufacture, sale and transport of alcohol. |
| History Repeats Itself: What were the bootleggers and speakeasies of Prohibition? | Speakeasies were illegal bars or clubs that sold alcohol made or transported by bootleggers. |
| History Repeats Itself: What was the Great Migration? | The Great Migration was the movement of thousands of African-Americans from the South to the North from the 1910's to the 1920's to take better jobs. |
| History Repeats Itself: Who was F. Scott Fitzgerald? | Fitzgerald was a novelist known for writing about the Jazz Age, he was a member of the "Lost Generation". |
| History Repeats Itself: Who was Jacob Lawrence? | Lawrence was an African-American artist who painted important events in African-American history. One of his best known series is the "Great Migration" series. |
| What were the causes of the Great Depression? | 1. People speculated on stocks, often using borrowed money that they could not repay when stock prices fell. 2. The Federal Reserve failed to prevent the collapse of the banking system. 3. High tariffs strangled international trade. |
| How were the lives of Americans affected by the Great Depression? | 1. Large numbers of banks and businesses failed. 2. One-fourth of workers were without jobs. 3. Large numbers of people were hungry and homeless. 4. Farmers' incomes fell to low levels. |
| What were the major features of the New Deal? | 1. Federal work programs. 2. Environmental improvement programs. 3. Agricultural assistance programs. 4. Increased labor rights. 5. Banking regulations |
| What was the name given to the day that the stock market crashed? | Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929 |
| What was the name of Roosevelt's programs to fight the Great Depression? | The New Deal |
| What was the Dust Bowl? | The damaged Great Plains region affected by the drought and dust storms in the mid-1930's. |
| What is speculating on stock? | Buying and selling stocks to make a profit quickly. |
| What is buying on margin? | Paying for a small part of a stock's price ad then borrowing money to pay for the rest. |
| Who was FDR's "eyes and ears", expanded women's rights in the 20th century and was US ambassador to the UN, ? | Eleanor Roosevelt |
| What is deficit spending? | Using borrowed money to fund programs. |
| Who was President when the Great Depression began and was unable to bring the U.S. out of it? | Herbert Hoover |
| What were the 3 purposes of the New Deal programs? | Relief for the hungry and homeless, recovery of the nation's economic health and reform of banking and the stock market. |
| What New Deal program helps almost all Americans today? | The Social Security Act |
| What occurred during the time known as the "Hundred Days"? | Congress passed most of the major programs that Roosevelt proposed to fight the Depression. |
| As a result of the Great Depression and the New Deal, what new idea about the government did most Americans agree upon? | One of the most important responsibilities of the federal government is to care for citizens in need. |
| What were the Fireside Chats? | Roosevelt's series of talks on the radio to rebuild public confidence during the Great Depression. |
| Which government agency established during the New Deal to restore the public's confidence in banks still operates today? | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) |
| What event stimulated the U.S. economy and brought the U.S. out of the Great Depression? | World War II |
| Who was the famous aviator of the 1930's? | Amelia Earheart |
| What was the biggest thing completed in the 1930's? | Boulder Dam |
| What was the tallest building in the world in the 1930's? | The Empire State Building |
| Which racial group had the worse time in the Great Depression? | African-Americans |
| What were the shantytowns of the Depression called? | Hoovervilles |
| Who was Jesse Owens? | Owens was called the fastest man alive in the 1930's and won several gold medals at the 1936 Olympics in Berlin. He represented Americans and African-Americans against Hitler's ideal German race. |
| Who made the quote "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself" when he was sworn in as President? | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| What federal agency was created to regulate the stock market and make sure companies follow fair practices while trading stocks? | The SEC, Securities and Exchange Commission. |
| What was a "Sit-down" strike? | A type of strike were workers remained idle inside the plant rather than walking off their jobs. |
| What happended to the power of labor unions in the 1930's? | The labor unions increased in power. |
| What is the name given to a time period when the stock market prices continue to go up? | Bull market |
| What is the name given to the time period when the stock market prices continue to go down? | Bear market |
| What is a "run" on a bank? | A run is when most or all depositors ask for their money and no one is depositing money in the bank. During the Depression banks closed if they could not pay their depositors in a "run". |
| What was Hoover's approach to solving the problems of the Great Depression? | 1. Let charities help the people. 2. Increase taxes to help the government. 3. Decrease government spending. 4. Don't interfere with businesses. |
| Why did Hoover refuse to give government assistance to the people affected by the Depression? | Hoover believed that people given government assistance would become dependent on the government. |
| What was Roosevelt's "Court-packing" idea? | Roosevelt asked Congress to let him increase the size of the Supreme Court after the Court had ruled against some of his New Deal programs. This would allow him to get control of the Supreme Court. |
Created by:
ecrumrin
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