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SLANG: Unit 11
Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| New Frontier | John Kennedy’s domestic agenda to help the economy, address poverty and develop the space program. |
| Peace Corps | Organization established in 1961 through which American volunteers worked in developing nations around the world. |
| Equal Pay Act | 1963 legislation aimed at abolishing wage discrimination based on gender; amended the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. |
| Bay of Pigs Invasion | Unsuccessful attempt by Cuban exiles, sponsored by the U.S. military, to overthrow communist Cuban leader Fidel Castro in April 1961. |
| Berlin Wall | Concrete and barbed wire barrier surrounding the German city of West Berlin; constructed by the Soviet Union in 1961 to stop people from fleeing communist East Berlin. |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | American naval blockade and standoff between the US and Soviet Union in 1962 after the discovery of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. |
| Great Society | Lyndon Johnson’s vision of a more perfect and equitable society; his domestic agenda took on health and welfare, education, poverty, consumer protection, and environmental protection. |
| Medicare | Established a comprehensive health insurance program for all elderly people. |
| Medicaid | Provided health and medical assistance to low-income families. |
| “War on Poverty” | Lyndon Johnson’s anti-poverty program. |
| Immigration Act of 1965 | Legislation that eliminated the national origins system of the 1920s; though it placed limits on the number of immigrants admitted to the U.S., it opened the door for newcomers from Latin America, Asia and Africa. |
| Domino Theory | the theory, adopted into policy by President Eisenhower, that if Vietnam fell to communism, so too would the other nations of Southeast Asia. |
| Vietnamization | under President Nixon, the gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops from Vietnam, while handing over more responsibility to South Vietnamese troops. |
| Tet Offensive | a massive surprise attack launched against American airbases and cities throughout South Vietnam during the Vietnamese New Year in 1968. |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | Congress authorized the president to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression. |
| 26th Amendment | a result of the youth movement of the 1960s, lowered the minimum voting age from 21 to 18 years of age. |
| “Silent Majority” | speech by President Nixon in November of 1969 that called upon those not involved in antiwar protests to support his policies. |
| War Powers Act | 1973 legislation that established limits on executive powers to commit troops abroad for extended periods of time without the approval of Congress. |
| Détente | literally meaning “relax,” Nixon’s policy called for a relaxation of the tensions between the United States and its major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China. |
| Impeach | the process of charging an elected official of misconduct. |
| Watergate | presidential scandal in which Richard Nixon sought to steal information to use against the Democrats in the Election of 1972, and was caught, eventually resigning from office. |
| New Federalism | under Nixon, the transfer of certain responsibilities from the federal government to state governments. |
| SALT I | (Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty) the Cold War superpowers agreed to freeze the total number of Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles, limit Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles, and limit Anti-Ballistic Missile System development. |
| AIM | (American Indian Movement) civil rights organization formed by American Indians in 1968 to address the needs of Native Americans. |
| United Farm Workers | originally called the National Farm Workers Union, an organization formed in 1971 and led by César Chávez to represent the interests of migrant farm labor. |
| The Feminine Mystique | Betty Friedan’s 1963 book that revealed the unsatisfactory lives led by many women, held back by the roles society forced upon them. |
| Title IX | 1972 legislation prohibiting federally funded schools from discriminating against girls and young women in nearly all aspects of its operations, from admissions to athletics. |
| Roe v. Wade | 1973 landmark Supreme Court case that ruled a woman’s “right to choose” whether or not to continue a pregnancy is protected under the privacy clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. |
| NOW | (National Organization for Women) founded in 1966 by Betty Friedan and other feminists to lead women in securing civil liberties and other rights. |
| ERA | (Equal Rights Amendment) thrice proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution, intended to guarantee that equal rights under any federal, state, or local law could not be denied on account of sex. |
| Cesar Chavez | Mexican American farm worker, labor leader, and civil rights activist who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association, which later became the United Farm Workers. |
| Silent Spring | Rachel Carson’s 1962 book that helped lead to the ban of pesticides, such as DDT. |
| EPA | (Environmental Protection Agency) created in 1970 when President Nixon signed the National Environmental Policy Act; responsible for setting and enforcing environmental standards. |
| Clean Air Act | 1970 legislation, passed over Nixon’s veto, that established emissions standards for factories and automobiles. |
| Clean Water Act | 1972 legislation that restricted the discharge of pollutants into the nation’s lakes and rivers. |
Created by:
J Paola
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