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Resp29
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| FVC | Forced Vital Capacity - Measures the max amount of air that can be exhaled as quickly as possible after max inspiration |
| FEV1 | Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec. Records the max amount of air that can be exhaled in the first second of expirationFEV1/FVC is the ratio of expiratory volume in 1 sec to FVC |
| FRC | Functional Residual Capacity - amount of air remaining in the lungs after normal expiration Requires use of helium dilution, nitrogen washout, or body plethysmography |
| TLC | Total Lung Capacity - amount of air in the lungs at the end of max INHALATION |
| RV | Residual Volume - amount of air remaining at the end of a full forced EXHALATION |
| Capnometry & Capnography | measures amount of CO2 present in exhaled air. Indirect measurement of arterial CO2 levels. Measure end tidal CO2 levels in both intubated patients & nonintubated. Capnometry changes the CO2 level into a color or number for analysisCapnography graphs |
| PETCO2 | Pressure of End Tidal CO2 normal ranges 20 - 40 mm Hg Increase in PETCO2 reflect inadequate O2 Hypoventilation, partial airway obstruction, rebreathing exhaled air. lower levels indicate poor ventilation hypothermia poor cardiac output |
| Pulse Oximetry | Identifies hemoglobin saturationNorm 95%-100%Anything below 91%and certainly below 86% are an Emergency. 70% and lower is life threatening. Some cases <80% is life threatening |
| Ventilation & Perfusion Scanning V/Q Scan | ID areas of the lung being ventilated and the distribution of blood within the lungs rules out pulm embolismuses an inj. or inhaled radionuclide followed by scanning. Radioactive and leaves the body in 8 hours. |
| PFT | Pulm. Function Test Screens Lung Disease, determine cause of dyspnea |
| Prep for PFT | Advise pt not to smoke 6-8 hrs before testbronchodilatorswithheld for 4-6 hrs before testHelp reduce anxiety by describing what will happen during the test |
| Follow up care for PFT | Observe pt for increased dyspnea or bronchospasm after the study. Document if drugs were used during testing. |
| Laryngoscopy | Tube for visualization of larynx |
| Mediastinoscopy | insertion of a flexible tube thru chest wall just above the sternum.Used to examine for tumors and obtain tissue samples for biopsy/culture. |
| Bronchoscopy | Insertion of tube into airways as far as the 2nd bronchi Rigid Bronchoscopy and Flexible bronchoscopy Post Op care vital signs assessed Q15min for the first 2 hours |
| Methemoglobin | An altered state of hemoglobin induced by benzocaine spray An altered iron state does NOT carry O2 resulting in tissue hypoxia. Watch for cyanosis occurs after topical anesthesia. Can be reversed with supplemental O2 and admin of % methylene blue |
| Thoracentesis | aspiration of pleural fluid or air from pleural spaceStress the importance of NOT moving during procedure. Keep pt informed of proc. while observing for shock, pain, nausea, & dyspnea.no more than 1000ml of fl removed at a timeapply pressure after |
| pneumothorax | partial or complete collapse of lungPain on affected side that is worse at end of inhalation & end of exhalation, Rapid HR, Rapid shallow resp, feeling of air hunger, prominence of affected side does not move in and out, trachea displacement |
| Transbronchial Biopsy & Transbronchial Needle Biopsy | Done during bronchoscopy. |
| Percutaneous Lung Biopsy | may be performed in the pt's room or in the rad dept. |
| Open Lung Biopsy | performed in the OR |
| F/U Care after Lung Biopsy | Monitor pt vs and breath sounds q4hrs for 24 hrs. Resp Distress, pneumothorax, report reduced absent breath sounds immediatly, hemoptysis, and rank bleeding |
Created by:
ginabeana
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