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test review 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which statement about farms in the 1920s is accurate? | For the first time in U.S. history, the number of farmers declined. |
| How did Walter Lippmann view the Cold War? | He saw it as a long, protracted war that the United States must win at all costs. |
| According to Time magazine’s Henry Luce, what was the key word to explain the essence of the United States? | Opportunity |
| What were the Nuremberg trials? | trials in which Nazi leaders were charged with "crimes against humanity |
| In the 1950s, what did the term “totalitarianism” describe? | Fascism, Nazism, and communism |
| Along with freedom, which was the other concept the United States used to mobilize support at home and abroad? | Totalitarianism |
| Why did Harry Truman’s loyalty review system target homosexuals working for the government? | Homosexuals were considered susceptible to blackmail and thought to be lacking the manly qualities necessary to fight communism. |
| The automobile | spurred growth in other industries such as tourism and steel production. |
| During the 1920s | Government policies reflected the pro-business ethos of the decade |
| Why did cigarettes become known as “torches of freedom” during the 1920s? | Women began to smoke cigarettes as an expression of personal freedom. |
| What did Walter Lippmann conclude about democracy during the 1920s? | American voters were not well-informed on issues |
| In their 1929 study Middletown, Robert and Helen Lynd | argued that leisure activities and consumption had replaced political involvement. |
| During the 1920s most acts of foreign policy were conducted | through private economic relations. |
| Still active today in pushing for individual rights, the American Civil Liberties Union started during what conflict? | Prohibition |
| Which of the following legal bans no longer passed constitutional scrutiny by the end of the 1920s? | Criminalizing the advocacy of unlawful acts for the sake of political change. |
| Which of the two following countries suffered the largest reductions in the immigration quotas accepted by the United States after the Immigration Act of 1924? | Italy and Russia |
| Which of the following is considered internationally to be the “capital” of Black America? | Harlem |
| In American Individualism, Herbert Hoover | understood self-interest tended to promote private interests and it should continue to be that way |
| The National Resources Planning Board’s slogan was | stop Social Security benefits. |
| How did wartime experiences change Mexican-American life in California? | Employment opportunities in the defense sector prompted Mexican-Americans to find work outside of their neighborhoods. |
| The 1943 Texas Caucasian Race–Equal Privileges resolution | Allowed Mexican equal treatment in public accommodations, while still segregating blacks |
| Starting in the 1950s, the government asked federal employees to demonstrate their patriotism. This was especially true for those who were suspected of being disloyal. Along with this group, what other minority was targeted? | chinese immigrants |
| Senator Joseph McCarthy claimed to have a list of communists working for the U.S. State Department. Why did the Republican Party initially support McCarthy’s actions? | to win the 1952 presidential election. |
| As a response to the Great Depression and in contrast to previous federal economic policy, Harold Ickes directed which of the following? | Public Works Administration |
| The National Industrial Recovery Act | Guaranteed workers would have a right to unionize and bargain collectively for better working conditions and higher wages. |
| Fearing a sit-down strike in 1937, how did U.S. Steel react? | The company agreed to recognize the Steel Workers Organization Committee. |
| Assess the results of the Rural Electrification Agency. | Farms did not only gain electricity, but also radios, electric stoves, refrigerators, and mechanical equipment to milk cows |
| In contrast to the American Federation of Labor, the Congress of Industrial Organizations fought for | Industrial democracy |
| Which phrase best describes Eleanor Roosevelt’s tenure as First Lady? | Redefined the role of First Lady, championing women's rights, civil rights, and human rights. |
| Why did a stigma emerge around public assistance during the New Deal years? | Black workers were relegated to the least generous assistance programs with discriminatory eligibility standards administered by states. |
| During the 1930s, what was one way Franklin Roosevelt’s administration approached civil liberties? | The Department of Justice added a Civil Liberties Unit |
| What type of image grew in popularity among painters and writers during the 1930s? | the lives of ordinary people leading their ordinary lives |
| Freedom House was an organization that | demanded American intervention in the European war. |
| How did the role of the national government change during the war? | It grew and created several federal agencies to regulate the war effort. |
| During the war, Americans | experienced the rationing of scarce consumer goods such as gasoline. |
| On what grounds did the Austrian-born economist Friedrich A. Hayek reject the New Deal state? | He was convinced that even the best intentioned government planning efforts would threaten individual liberties. |
| The Share Our Wealth movement - (POSSIBLE ANSWER) | called for taking the richest citizens' money and giving it to the rest in the form of grants and job |
| Assess the effects of the Marshall Plan. | It helped to jump-start the economies of western Europe. |
| The principles of freedom embodied by the 1941 Atlantic Charter | were initially embraced by Stalin after the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union. |
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