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Nutrition & Culture
Cultural Awareness
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What determines food preferences and preparation? | Cultural Background, Ethnic heritage, religious beliefs, other sociocultural factors |
| Can a nurse change dietary beliefs? | No |
| Can a nurse help clients adjust their diet within their belief structures? | Yes |
| Ethnocentrism | The belief that one's own cultural practices are the only correct behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, and values. |
| African American traditional foods | Rice, grits, cornbread; hominy, okra, greens, sweet potatoes; apples, peaches; buttermilk, pudding, Cheddar or American cheese; ham, pork, chicken, catfish, black-eyed peas, red and pinto beans, peanuts; soft drinks, fatback, chitterlings, banana pudding |
| Latino American traditional foods | Rice, maize, tortillas; tropical fruits, vegetables; nuts, beans, legumes; eggs, cheese, seafood, poultry; infrequent sweets and red meat |
| Latino diet belief | Hot and Cold food choices maintain balance |
| African American health risks | Increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension |
| Latino American health risks | Increased incidence of type 2 diabetes |
| Associated with Latino American | Positive associations with substantial weight |
| Encourage boiling, braising, and baking in place of | frying and stewing in lard and oils |
| African American healthy aspects | Family involvement |
| African American unhealthy aspects | Animal proteins and oils, increase sodium, increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| Asian American healthy aspects | Plant-based diet, fruits in diet |
| Asian American unhealthy aspects | Increased sodium, risk calcium deficit due to plant base |
| Latino American healthy aspects | Plant-based diet, fruits in diet, family involvement |
| Latino American unhealthy aspects | Animal proteins and oils, increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, risk calcium deficit due to lactose intolerance |
| Jewish/Kosher beliefs | Meat and dairy cannot be prepared together or served at same meal, only front quarter of animal is eaten |
| Jewish/Kosher | No pork, rabbit, shellfish, or scavenger fish |
| When do Jewish prepare food for Sabbath? | Ahead of time, sundown Friday to Sundown Saturday |
| Mormon (Church of Jesus Christ of LDS) beliefs | No caffeine, no alcohol, fast offerings, meat eaten sparingly and in season |
| Mormon | Lives by health code - preserve their bodies and maintain best possible health |
| Seventh Day Adventist | Often lacto-ovo vegetarians or vegans, no stimulants, no pork, no shellfish, no alcohol |
| Seventh Day Advent. | In-between meal snacking discouraged |
| Hindu beliefs | Believes all life forms are sacred, no alcohol, most are lacto-ovo vegetarians |
| Hindus | Coffee, tea, and chocolate widely used |
| Islum (Muslim) | No alcohol but tea is ok, fast for a month each year; consider honey, dates, milk, meat, seafood, and olive oil to be healthy |
| Islum | Similar to Jewish-Kosher laws |
| Acculturation | the process where individuals adopt beliefs, values, attitudes, and behavior of dominant culture |
| Lactose intolerance | More common in African Americans, American Indians, and Asians than in Caucasians |
| Hypertension | Common in African Americans, especially men and in Asian Americans |
| Vegans | Eat no animal-originated foods |
| Lacto-vegetarians | Eat plant foods, plus dairy products (no eggs) |
| Ovo-vegetarians | Eat plant foods, plus eggs (no dairy products) |
| Lacto-ovo-vegetarians | Eat plant foods, dairy products and eggs |
| Benefits of Vegetarian Diets | Lower rates of heart disease, hypertension, non-insulin dependent diabetes, obesity |
Created by:
ReginaK
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