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AP HUG UNIT 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecumene | is a term used by geographers to mean where people are settled on the earth. (along rivers, fertile land, coast, etc) |
| Physical Factors | People avoid areas too dry, too wet, too cold, too high |
| Cultural Factors | Populations will be concentrated in areas that have access to Education, health care, and entertainment opportunities |
| Historical factors | certain areas where life could be sustain and lived (Areas where human flourished and survived) |
| Arithmetic Density | total number of objects in an area |
| Physiological Density | Number of people supported by a unit area of arable land (Land suited for agriculture) |
| Agricultural Density | Ratio of the number of farmers to amount of arable land |
| Political | greater control over laws and larger influence |
| Economic | concentration of jobs, areas make more revenue |
| Social | greater access to health care, better educational opportunities, greater cultural diversity |
| Carrying Capacity | the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain |
| Overpopulation | when there are not enough resources in an area to support a population |
| Age/sex ratio | comparison of the numbers of males and females of different ages |
| Population Pyramid | a graph of the population of an area by age and sex - when a population is growing it takes a pyramid shape |
| Demography | the study of population |
| Anti Natalist policies | when a country provides incentives for people to have fewer children (sometimes including punishments) |
| Pronatalist policies | when a country provides incentives for people to have more children |
| Immigration policies | States can set up policies that make it easier or harder for people to immigrate to their territory (quotas and accepting or refusing refugees into the country |
| Contraception | methods of preventing pregnancy |
| Push Factors | force that drives people away from a place (no jobs, slavery, political instability, no water) |
| Pull Factors | force that draws people to immigrate to a place. (jobs, to be near family) |
| Asylum seeker: | a person seeking residence in a country outside of their own because they're fleeing persecution |
| Step-migration: | migration to a far away place that takes place in stages |
| Guest worker | a legal immigrant who is allowed into the country to work, usually for a relatively short time period |
| Transhumance: | moving herds of animals to the highlands in the summer and into the lowlands in the winter |
| Transnational migration | moving across a border into another country |
| Political Impact on Migration | Brain drain: |
| Cultural impact on Migration | loss of culture or migrants bring in new langua |
| Economic Impact on Migration | loss or gain of income dependent on the migrant flow |
| Brain drain | when the majority of educated or skilled workers leave an area to pursue better opportunities elsewhere |
| All other vocab is on notecards irl | :) |
| Stage 1: Pestilence and Famine (High CDR) | which applied to most of the world before the Industrial Revolution, both birth rates and death rates are high. As a result, population size remains fairly constant but can have major swings with events such as wars or pandemics. |
| Stage 2: Receding Pandemics. | the introduction of modern medicine lowers death rates, especially among children, while birth rates remain high; the result is rapid population growth. Many of the least developed countries today are in Stage 2. |
| Stage 3: Degenerative and Human-created diseases | birth rates gradually decrease, usually as a result of improved economic conditions, an increase in women’s status, and access to contraception. Population growth continues, but at a lower rate. Most developing countries are in Stage 3. |
| Stage 4: Delayed Degenerative | birth and death rates are both low These countries tend to have stronger economies,higher levels of education,better healthcare, a higher proportion of working women,and a fertility rate hovering around two children per woman. Most developed countries. |
| Possible Stage 5 | would include countries in which fertility rates have fallen significantly below replacement level (2 children) and the elderly population is greater than the youthful population. |
| Internally Displaced persons | An internally displaced person is someone who is forced to leave their home but who remains within their country's borders. |
Created by:
JuliR
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