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science vocab
Ch. 10 science
Question | Answer |
---|---|
temperature | a measure of how hot of cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. |
thermal expansion | an increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance. |
absolute zero | the temperature at which molecular energy is at a minimum (0 kelvin, or -273.16 Celsius) |
heat | the energy transfered between objects that are at different temperatures |
thermal energy | the kinetic energy if a substance's atoms |
thermal conduction | the transfer of energy as heat through a material |
thermal conductor | a material through which energy can be transferred as heat |
thermal insulator | a material that reduces of prevents the transfer of heat. |
convection | the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation of movement of a liquid of gas |
radiation | the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves. |
specific heat | the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of a homogeneous material 1 K of 1 C in a specified way given constant pressure and volume. |
states of matter | the physical forms of matter, which include solid, liquid, and gas |
change of state | the change of a substance from one physical state to another |
insulation | a substance that reduces the transfer of electricity, heat, of sound |
heat engine | a machine that transforms heat into mechanical energy, or work |
thermal pollution | a temperature increase in a body of water that is caused by human activity and that has a harmful effect on water quality and on the ability of that body of water to support life |