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Sport - Cardiovasc
Sport - Cardiovascular - key terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Vena cava | Transports deoxygenated blood from the body to the right Atrium |
Right atrium | Top chamber of the heart that holds deoxygenated blood |
Tricuspid valve | Stops the blood flowing back into the right atrium |
Semi-lunar valve | Stops the blood flowing back into the right/left ventricle |
Right ventricle | Bottom chamber that holds deoxygenated blood |
Pulmonary artery | Transports deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs |
Pulmonary vein | Transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart |
Left atrium | Top chamber of the heart that holds oxygenated blood |
Bicuspid valve | Stops the blood flowing back into the left atrium |
Left ventricle | Bottom chamber that holds oxygenated blood |
Aorta | Transports oxygenated blood to the rest of the body |
Septum | A wall that separates the left from the right side of the heart |
Coronary artery | Arteries that supply blood to the heart |
What do arteries do? | carry blood away from the heart |
What do veins do? | carry blood towards the heart |
Arteries | thick muscular, elastic walls & narrow lumen |
Veins | thin, less muscular, less elastic walls with wide lumen |
What pressure do arteries contain blood under? | high pressure |
What pressure do veins contain blood under? | low pressure |
What type of blood do arteries carry? | Oxygenated (except pulmonary artery) |
What type of blood do veins carry? | Deoxygenated (except pulmonary vein) |
Which blood vessels contain valves? | veins |
Arterioles | connect arteries to capillaries |
Venules | connect capillaries to veins |
Capillaries | 1 cell thick & allow gas diffusion (exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide) |
Red blood cells | Carry oxygen in haemoglobin. Disc shaped (large surface area) |
Plasma | Straw-coloured liquid, 90% water, carries the other components of blood (e.g. carbon dioxide) |
White blood cells | Fight infections, made in bone marrow but stored in the blood |
Platelets | Prevent blood loss by clotting |