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AP Hu Geo U1 P.1 A2
Attempt 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many people reside in Delhi, India? | 16 million |
| What are settlements? | Places with permanent human population |
| How many years has it been since the first agricultural settlements appeared? | 12,000 |
| Before agricultural settlements appeared how did people survive? | Through hunting and gathering |
| What are 3 characteristics of the Urban Hearths? | Agricultural surplus, social stratification, and job specialization |
| What does an agricultural surplus indicate in a novel urban hearth? | Irrigation, farming improvements, domestication |
| What does social stratification look like in a novel urban hearth? | A permanent leadership class or urban elite |
| What does job specialization look like in a novel urban hearth? | Craftsmen, soldiers, officials, scribes, religious leaders |
| When did the Industrial Revolution begin massively impacting the growth of cities? | The late 1700s |
| What were the impacts of the Industrial Revolution on the Urban Environment? | -Urban population growth boomed - Transportation improved - Increased availability of services - Governments encouraged urbanization. |
| What is site? | The exact location of a city on a map; the physical character of a place Climate, water sources, energy sources, barriers to invasion, climate |
| What is situation? | The surrounding features, both man-made and natural; the location of a place relative to another place |
| What are the site and situation characteristics of New Orleans? | Great situation, but is on a terrible site. |
| What is Urbanization? | The process of developing towns and cities. This is an ongoing process that does not end when the city is formed |
| What is an urban area? | Cities with high concentrations of people |
| What is a suburban area? | Primarily residential areas near cities |
| What is a rural area? | Farms and villages with low concentrations of people |
| What is suburbanization? | The process of people moving, usually from cities, to residential areas on the outskirts of cities. These communities are connected to the city for jobs and services, but are often less densely population. |
| What were the causes of suburbanization in NA Post-WW2? | 1. Economic expansion 2. Greater purchasing power of families 3. Growth of a car-centric lifestyle 4. Growth of the highway system 5. Government provided FHA loans 6. “White Flight” as a result of the Great Migration |
| What percentage of Americans now describe where they live as suburban? | 75% |
| What is Percent Urban? | Statistic used to indicate the proportion of the population that lives in cities and towns compared to those that live in rural areas. |
| When is the world likely to hit 60% urban? | 2030 |
| What is a municipality? | One way of referring to the political and legal aspect of a city |
| What is a metropolitan area? | The city and adjacent cities, the “metro” |
| What is reurbanization? | When suburbanites return to live in the city |
| What are satellite cities? | Established towns near a very large city that grew into a city independent of the larger one |
| What is the gravity model? | Places that are larger and closer will have a greater interaction than places that are smaller and farther away from each other. |
| What are some cities that don't fit the gravity model? | Orlando – pop. 309,000 Las Vegas – pop. 646,790 Mecca – pop. 1.5 million Jefferson City – pop. 42,772 |
| What can the gravity model be used to predict? | The flow of workers, shoppers, vacationers, mail, migrants, and nearly anything that flows into and between cities. |
| How widely can the gravity model be used? | Most cities fit |
| What is the rank-size rule? | Describes one way in which the sizes of cities in a region may develop. The nth largest city in any region will by 1/n the size of the largest city. |
| What are some countries that fit the rank-size rule? | Nigeria, Australia, and Brazil |
| Where is the rank-size rule common? | Countries that use federal systems |
| How exact is the rank-size rule? | Rarely falls exactly on the line |
| What is a primate city? | When the largest city in a state is more than twice as large as the next largest city, the largest city is said to have primacy or to be a _________ |
| Where are primate cities common? | Countries that use unitary government systems |
| What are some examples of primate cities? | London and Mexico city |
| What are forward capitals? | A symbolically relocated capital city usually because of either economic or strategic reasons. |
| What are forward capitals used for? | Sometimes to integrate outlying parts of a country into the state. Also to disperse power. |
| What are megacities? | The world’s largest cities. To be classified as a megacity the population must exceed 10 million. |
| Where do megacities exert influence and why can they exert it? | Regionally or worldwide because of their population, political, economic, and cultural power. |
| Where are megacities found? | Traditionally found in only the most powerful states, but in the last century, migration patterns and high birth rates have created megacities in the developing world. |
| What problems do megacities in the developing world not have sufficient resources to resolve? | The problems of intense urbanization such as social problems between ethnic groups, joblessness, lack of infrastructure, inadequate housing and environmental issues. |
| What are world cities? | Cities that exert influence far beyond their national boundaries |
| What is typically housed in world cities? | Media hubs, financial centers, stock exchanges, multinational banks, corporate headquarters, supranational organization headquarters |
| Who made central place theory? | German geographer Walter Christaller in 1933 |
| What is a central place? | A location where people go to receive goods and services. |
| What defines a market area? | A market area surrounds each central place. The central place provides goods and services to the market. The market area is depicted as hexagonal hinterlands. |
| How can a central place vary? | The size of can vary from a tiny community to a major city. |
| What is threshold in central place theory? | The size of a population necessary for any particular service to exist and remain profitable. |
| What questions did Christaller use threshold and range to answer? | What determines which services will be available in any central place? How far apart should central areas of the same population size be located? |
| What are some things with low threshold according to central place theory? | Gas stations, convenience stores, and fast food joints |
| What are some things with high threshold according to central place theory? | Restaurants, hospitals, high schools, department stores, stock market exchanges, sports teams, and symphony orchestras |
Created by:
Joshuaemer
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