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Preop Medications
Identify the Class and Use of Common Pre-op Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Midazolam (Versed) | Benzodiazepine - preoperative sedation/anxiolysis/amnesia |
| Diazepam (Valium) | Benzodiazepine - preoperative sedation, conscious sedation (provides light anesthesia and retorgrade amnesia) |
| lorazepam (Ativan) | Benzodiazepine - preoperative sedation, decrease preoperative anxiety and provide amnesia |
| Morphine | Opioid - Relieve discomfort during preoperative procedures |
| meperidine (Demoral) | Opioid - Relieve discomfort during preoperative procedures |
| fentanyl (Sublimaze) | Opioid - Relieve discomfort during preoperative procedures |
| cimetidine (Tagament) | H2 receptor blockers - Decrease HCL acid secretion, Increase gastric PH, Decrease gastric volume |
| famotidine (Pepcid) | H2 receptor blockers - H2 receptor blockers - Decrease HCL acid secretion, Increase gastric PH, Decrease gastric volume |
| ranitidine (Zantac) | H2 receptor blockers - H2 receptor blockers - Decrease HCL acid secretion, Increase gastric PH, Decrease gastric volume |
| metoclopramide (Reglan) | Antiemetics - Increase gastric emptying, decrease N&V, prevent N&V |
| droperidol (Inapsine) | antiemetic - Increase gastric emptying, decrease N&V, prevent N&V |
| ondansetron (Zofran) | antiemetic - Increase gastric emptying, decrease N&V, prevent N&V |
| Atropine | Anticholinergics - Decrease oral and respiratory secretions; prevent bradycardia |
| glycopyrrolate (Robinul) | Anticholinergics - Decrease oral and respiratory secretions; prevent bradycardia |
| scopolamine | anticholinergics - produce amnesia, decrease salivation and respiratory secretions |
| What drug classes are used for preoperatively for their sedative and amnesic properties? | Benzodiazepines and barbiturates |
| What drug class decreases secretions? | Anticholinergic |
| What drug class decreases nausea and vomiting? | antiemetics |
| What may be given prophylacticly to prevent cardiac endocarditis? | Antibiotics |
| Which patients may need prophylactic antibiotics before surgery? | those with a history of congenital, rheumatic, or valvular heart disease or patient's surgery puts them at increased risk for infection (GI surgery) or wound infection would pose serious consequences (cardiac, joint replacement) |
| What kind of surgery often require preoperative eye drops every 5 minutes? | Eye surgery |
| When should patient's be given preoperative oral meds? | 60-90 minutes before OR unless otherwise ordered - just a little water for swallowing if fluid restricted |
| When are preoperative IM or SC meds given? | 30 - 60 minutes before OR (minimally 20 minutes) |
| When are IV medications given to the preoperative patient? | Usually after arrival in the preoperative holding area or operating room |
| What should we tell patients about the preoperative meds? | What effects to expect: drowsiness, dry mouth, relaxation ect |
| Name 2 preoperative drug types that might be used for sedative and amnesic properties. | benzodiazepines and barbiturates |
| What kind of preoperative medication is used to decrease anesthesia requirements and decrease pain? | Opioids |
| What kind of preoperative drugs are used to decrease secretions? | anticholinergics |
| What kind of drugs are used to decrease nausea and vomiting? | antiemetics |
| Name three other types of drugs that may be given preoperatively. | Antiboitics, eyedrops, and the patient's routine medications |
Created by:
persevereandovercome
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