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LSC Legal & Ethics
Nursing
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Values | Concepts, Ideals, and Behaviors, Povide a framework for daily decisions and actions, |
Morals | Standards of right and wrong, internalized by the process of learning inherent in human socialization, based on religious beliefs, behaviors according to certain traditions |
Law | Human rules ofconduct that protect society, no social group - no law neccessary, guidelines that can change as society changes, purpose - protect rights, based on fairness & judgement, enforcement become more complicated as group becomes larger |
Ethics | A system of valued behaviors and beliefs that declare what is right or wrong and what ought to be, can be for individuals, groups, or society |
Ethical Code | Framework for decision making usually for an identified group, action oriented & usable on a daily basis, guides the conduct of the professional, professional values |
Ethical Accountability | Each person is responsible for his own actions, Being PROFESSIONAL, be willing to accept the consequeces of one's own decisions |
Who are Nurse's are accountable to? | Clients, public, profession of nursing, facility administration, physicians, other nurses (peer review) |
Ethical dilemma | situation in which an ethical decision is required between choices that are equally distasteful, resolution of ethical dilemmas usually makes someone unhappy, often based on conflict of rights, needs to be able to defend one's decision |
Rights | Just claims or titles or something that is due someone according to claims, legal guarantees or moral principles |
Option right | the right to live one's life as one chooses within a set of prescribed boundaries, may or may not be able to defend one's decision |
Welfare right | Legal Right, rights that are based on legal entitlement to some good or benefit, guarunteed under law, violation leads to fine or jail, Bill of Rights is a basic statement |
Moral Right (Ethical Right) | Claim to some good or benefit based on a moral principle or long term usage, may or may not be enforceable under the law, people confuse moral rights, such as the right to health care, with legal rights |
Obligations (duties) | demands made on or requirements of individuals, professions, society, or government to fulfill and honor the rights of others |
Legal obligations | obligations that are enforceable under law, such as for nurses to give afe and adequate care |
Moral Obligations | Obligations that are based on moral or ethical principles, NOT enforceable under the law, Example: stop and help an MVA victem when the nurse is on a vacation |
Autonomy | the right of self determination, independence, freedom of decision |
Right to Refuse Treatment | Allows a competent person the right to refuse any tests, treatments and procedures that he/she so chooses. |
Quality of Life | factors that contribute to the value of an individual's life according to society, including: LOC, level of Functioning, Freedom from suffering, Ability to interact w/others, Ability to make decisions |
Standards of Best Interest | Type of decision made about an individual's health care when that individual is unable to make an informed decision for himself based on what the health care providers and family decide is best (beneficence versus Paternalism) |
Paternalism | Attitude that the health care provider knows what is best for the client and the client should NOT question the tx or care, do not see much in health care today, clients are better educated |
Substitute judgment | type of decision made about an individual's health care when he/she is unable to make an informed decision, it is the same as if the person made it himself/herself |
Advance Directives | Decisions made by competent individuals about their future health care, apply if an individual is deemed no longer competent to make own health care decisions, type of substitute self determination |
Living Will | Written advance directive that ID's tx, procedures, tests and so on, that a person wants or does not want,should they become unable to make such decisions, enforceable under the law, often poorly written and too general |
Durable POA for Health Care | Person legally designated to make health care decisions or an individual who is no longer able to make those decisions for himself |
Distributive justice |