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Stack #38871
RRC Maintenance - TB
question | answer |
---|---|
How is TB transmitted? | person-to-person via airborne droplet transmission |
how are airborne droplets produced? | when a person talks, coughs, sneezes or sings...droplets are dispersed into air and can be inhaled |
What does the Mantoux test diagnose? | latent TB |
What tests are done to diagnose TB? | chest x-ray, acid-fast bacilli smear, MTB culture |
What are predisposing/risk factors for TB? | recent M. tuberculosis infection, HIV infection, immune suppression (ie: cancer), diabetes or ESRD, severe malnutrition, substance abuse, homeless/crowded living conditions, reserves, nursing homes |
What are the clinical manifestations of an active TB infection? | chronic cough lasting at least 3 weeks duration, fever and sweat common, hemoptosis, anorexia, weight loss, chest pain, pleuric pain |
What is DOT? | directly-observe therapy - watch TB patient take all of their medication and making sure that they swallow it to decrease risk of bacilli becoming resistent as a result of non-compliance with therapy secondary to SE |
Why is combination therapy used with TB? | to increase the therapeutic effectiveness and decrease the risk of developing resistant strains of M. tuberculosis |
What is the length of medication therapy for TB? | 6-9 months minimum |
When is medication regimen considered to be effective? | if sputum sample turns out to be negative for TB bacilli |
Why is contact tracing used in TB management? | to provide chemoprophylaxis to those exposed to a client with TB |