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American History 8th
American History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Jamestown, Virginia | first permanent British settlement in. |
| Mayflower Compact | The settlers from the Mayflower set up an agreement, the Mayflower Compact, declaring that they would elect governing officers and obey “just and equal laws.” |
| Samuel de Champlain | founded the first permanent French settlement in North America at Quebec. |
| The French and Indian War | During the mid l700s the war was fought between France and England. British outnumbered the French. The British emerged as victors in North America. |
| The Revolutionary war | began with skirmishes in Lexington and Concord. George Washington was the Commander and Chief. |
| Declaration of Independence | On July 4, l76, Congress approved and signed the this. The main author of the Declaration of Independence was Thomas Jefferson. |
| The Article of Confederation (l777 | When the U.S. became an independent nation from England, they formed the document called the Articles of Confederations. It did not provide for an executive or judicial branch of government. Congress lacked the power to collect taxes. |
| Constitutional Convention | divided power between 3 branches of government. Created checks and balances. |
| Bill of Rights | amendments to the Constitution |
| Monroe Doctrine | declared the U.S. would oppose European intervention in the western Hemisphere. America declared it would not tolerate European intervention in the Western Hemisphere. |
| Andrew Jackson | he hero of the Battle of New Orleans during the War of l812 was elected the 7th president. He was the first president born to poverty. |
| Jacksonian Democracy | reflects an attention to the needs of ordinary people. |
| Manifest Destiny | summarized the belief that Americans had a natural right to occupy the entire continent. |
| Mexican-American War (l848 | Territorial expansion received a major push after the Mexican-American War. Texas rebelled and became independent of Mexican rule. |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | ended the Mexican-American War in l848. Mexico surrendered California, New Mexico, and most territories in the Southwest for $l5 million. |
| David Wilmot | a congressman from Pennsylvania who in 1846 proposed an amendment to a military appropriations bill that slavery be forbidden in any territory obtained from Mexico during or after the Mexican War (1846 - 1848). The amendment passed in the House but not in |
| Great Compromise | This was the agreement reached at the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention in 1787 to give each state two senators and to apportion seats in the House of Representatives on the basis of population. The agreement satisfied both the smaller, less populous |
| vice president | To be president of the Senate; to cast a tie-breaking vote in the Senate when needed; and to replace the president of the U.S. in the event that the latter's term ends prematurely. |
| Louisiana Purchase | doubled the size of the U.S. Cost $l5 million. The French emperor Napoleon Bonaporte sold it to finance France’s war with Britain. Thomas Jefferson was the President who negotiated the deal. The land owned by the U.S. doubled in size as a result of t |
| Dred Scott decision of l857 | Scott had no right to sue because he was not a citizen. Outbreak of the Civil War started in South Carolina. |
| Gettysburg | bloodiest battle of the Civil War |
| Missouri Compromise | Made to preserve an even balance between slave states and free states |
| Gerrymandering | The name became a common term for drawing districts to suit political advantage |
| War Hawks | they wanted to stop Great Britain from impressing American sailors and blockading American ports. They also had hopes of expanding into Canada (owned by Britain) and Florida and Texas (owned by Britain's ally Spain). |
| War of l812 | In the years following the Revolutionary War, relations between the U.S. and England became increasingly strained. England encouraged Indians to attack the settlers. The French and Indian War was hard on the U.S. |
| Whigs | Formed in 1834 to oppose President Andrew Jackson, the party took its name from the British anti-monarchial party, the Whigs, to underline their conflict with the man they viewed as "King Andrew." the word "Whig" itself was an old pejorative term |
| Reconstruction Acts | Gave the South the right to form a new government. Gave former male slaves the right to vote and hold public office. Gave all slaves the right to vote and hold public office. Gave all land owning slaves the right to vote and hold office. |
| Thirteenth Amendment | • Outlaws slavery* • Outlaws the right of past slaves to vote • Outlaws slavery for women • Outlaws slavery in the Missouri Territory |
| Fourteenth Amendment | • Made male African-Americans citizens. The south had to accept this amendment in order to be readmitted to the union. • Made African-Americans living in the North citizens. The south had to accept this amendment in order to be readmitted to the union. |
| Fifteenth Amendment | provides that governments in the United States may not prevent a citizen from voting based on that citizen's race, color, or previous condition of servitude (slavery). It was ratified on February 3, 1870 |
| Nineteenth Amendment | an amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1920, guaranteeing women the right to vote. |
| Sherman Anti-Trust Act | the younger brother of William Tecumseh Sherman. It was the latter Sherman who, as a Union general during the Civil War, led the destructive march across Georgia in 1864, ravaging the countryside from Atlanta to Savannah. |
| Andrew Johnson | Became president when Lincoln was murdered. He hated slave owners and the Confederacy, but did not believe it was necessary to punish all Southerners. He pardoned most former Confederates, restored their rights to vote and run for office and outlined a |
| election of l876 | Reconstruction ended |
| The Compromise of l877 | In this agreement, the nation’s Democrats agreed to let Hayes win the election and become president. In return, the Republicans promised to withdraw the U.S. Army for the Southern states still under Reconstruction. |
Created by:
jrobb
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