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NUR 111
Concept of legal ethics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The ethical principles | serve as a guide for the nurse’s actions and help provide a framework for ethical reasoning when faced with an ethical issue. include autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, veracity, fidelity, and justice. |
| The ethical principle of autonomy | refers to the nurse’s obligation to respect the client’s right to make their own decisions regarding their health care, including the right to refuse care. |
| The ethical principle of beneficence | refers to the nurse’s obligation to minimize harm and practice in a way that benefits the client. Beneficence also means going above what is required |
| The ethical principle of nonmaleficence | refers to the nurse’s obligation to do no harm. |
| The ethical principle of veracity | refers to the nurse’s obligation to provide truthful and accurate information to the client. |
| The ethical principle of fidelity | refers to the nurse’s obligation to demonstrate loyalty, to keep promises, and to uphold commitments. |
| The ethical principle of justice | refers to the nurse’s obligation to provide treatment, care, and resource allocation that is impartial, fair, and equitable to all clients regardless of age, sex, race, or economic status |
| Values | are what we believe as individuals to be important, good, and meaningful. |
| Value clarification | is the process of an individual identifying, assessing, and developing their own values. Nurses often care for clients whose values are different from or that may conflict with their own. |
| five professional values and behaviors in nursing | altruism, human dignity, integrity, autonomy, and social justice. |
| altruism | selfless concern and actions for the benefit of someone else. An example of altruism is a nurse rushing to help someone in need, sometimes ignoring risk to themselves and putting the needs of the client first. |
| Human dignity | implies that each individual, regardless of race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, culture, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or any of our characteristics or personal preferences, has intrinsic value and should be respected and treated equally. |
| Integrity | is when a nurse demonstrates honesty, even when circumstances challenge the nurse’s character, and it can be difficult to sustain. |
| autonomy | is the right to self-determination. Autonomy refers to the nurse’s responsibility to respect the client’s right to make their own decisions regarding their health care, including the right to refuse care. |
| Social justice | is the awareness of the basic right to health and well-being of every individual. |
| The ANA Code of Ethics with Interpretive Statements | states that it is the nurse’s obligation to support and protect the rights of clients throughout the world and fight for social justice. |
| Ethical dilemmas | may be faced with client care scenarios that involve a conflict of both ethics and values and that have no clear right or wrong solution. |
| Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) | Ensures that all individuals, regardless of their insurance or financial status, have equal access to emergency medical care. |
| The Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) was enacted to | direct emergency medical personnel to provide equal care to clients entering the emergency department (ED), regardless of their insurance or financial status |
| ethical decision making | Process of evaluating and choosing options in an ethically consistent manner using ethical principles. |
| ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING PROCESS | step 1- step 2- step 3- step 4- step 5- |
| The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) | is a federal law that protects an individual’s identifying private information and personal health information. |
| privacy | Physical seclusion, protection of personal information and identity, and the ability to make autonomous decisions |
| confidentiality | Not disclosing personal information without the person’s permission |
| A tort | is carrying out an act, or failing to act, against what is considered reasonable and acceptable, which results in injury or harm to a client |
| An unintentional tort | when the nurse does not intend to cause harm, but harm occurs as a result of situations such as malpractice and negligence. |
| Malpractice | is where the nurse fails to meet the standards of care, while negligence occurs when the nurse is found to have breached their duty of care, resulting in client injury or suffering. |
| informed consent | is permission to provide care given by the client after relevant information is provided. |
| The nurse’s role with informed consent is | to verify and witness that the client or a legal representative signs the consent form in their presence. |
| Implied consent | Agreement by the client to the administration of care as demonstrated by the client’s actions rather than by formal verbal or written consent. |
| Advance directives | are legal documents in which a client’s decisions related to health care are documented. It is important for nurses to promote the development of advance directives with clients. |
| living will ( Advance directive) | which is a document where a client can clearly state which life-sustaining treatment(s) they wish to have performed if they become incapacitated and are unable to make decisions for themselves. |
| power of attorney ( Advance directive) | the durable power of attorney for health care. In this document, a client can appoint an individual to make health care decisions on their behalf if they are unable to do so. |
| The nurse’s role in advance directives includes | encouraging clients to have frequent, ongoing discussions with their care provider and the individual the client wishes to make decisions for them, should the client become incapacitated, to communicate their wishes and what is important to the client. |
| Good Samaritan laws | protect and encourage people (including nurses) to provide aid in the event of an emergency, without fear of being held liable for their well-intentioned actions. |
| Good Samaritan laws protects the nurse when.. | they perform reasonable behavior to protect the life of an injured person and save this person from further harm until emergency personnel arrive to assume the care. |
| Whistleblowing | Reporting private information about an organization's wrongdoing or illegal activity. |
| Reporting of Maltreatment | If a nurse suspects that a client or individual is experiencing maltreatment, it must be reported to the appropriate agency |
| maltreatment examples | Physical maltreatment or denying food, shelter, or comfort Neglect, denial or delaying of care Verbal or emotional maltreatment |
| Reporting of Incidence of Disease | is to monitor, control, and prevent the spread of diseases. |
| Client abandonment | is an action in which the nurse or nursing student deserts a client for whom they have established a nurse–client relationship without ensuring the continuation of care by another nurse |
| Client-to-nurse staffing ratios are best described as | the number of clients that the nurse is responsible for providing care to during their shift. Recently, the United States has experienced a nurse staffing crisis, which has increased client-to-nurse staffing ratios. |
| Five Rights of Delegation | Right task Right circumstance Right person Right directions and communications Right supervision and evaluation |
| Nurse fatigue | is the physical and psychological exhaustion that can cause the nurse to be unable to function safely and competently. Nurse fatigue can be accredited to many aspects of the nursing profession |
| The ANA’s Standards of Practice | are authoritative statements of the competent level of nursing practice that all nurses are expected to perform regardless of the client or health care setting. |
| Basic Principles of Ethics | Advocacy Responsibility Accountability Confidentiality |
| Compassion fatigue | defined as cumulative stress that develops from the desire to help those who are suffering combined with the inability to relieve that suffering, which results in a feeling of professional uselessness and self-blame. |
| Moral distress | nurse is positioned in a difficult situation where the actions taken are different from what the nurse identifies to be ethically correct. T |
| The purpose of advance directives | is to communicate a client’s wishes regarding end-of-life care should the client become unable to do so. |
Created by:
saharmahmoud
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