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Stack #38962
RRC Maintenance - Arthritis
question | answer |
---|---|
define osteoarthritis | Slow progressive non-inflammatory disorder of the synovial joints |
define rheumatoid arthritis | Chronic systemic disease characterized by inflammation of the connective tissue in the synovial joints, typically with periods of remission and exacerbations |
define gout | Caused by increase in uric acid production, underexcretion of uric acid by the kidneys or increased intake of foods containing purines, which are metabolized to uric acid in the body. There are characteristic deposits of urate crystals in articular, peri |
risk factors of OA | Age ( >60-65 years), genetics, Estrogen reduction at menopause, Obesity, Strenuous exercise (football/soccer) |
risk factor of RA | Smoking Genetics Age (40-60 years) female |
gout risk factors | Prolonged fasting, Excessive ETOH consumption, Decreased renal excretion, Increased purine synthesis |
defining characteristic of OA | joint pain, joint stiffness that resolves itself, deformities such as Herberden's node and Bouchard's node |
crepitation | grating sensation caused by loose particles of cartilage in joint cavity |
defining characteristic of RA | joint stiffness, joint inflammation, symetric symptoms, joint deformities, with systemic manifestations affecting nearly every system of the body |
defining characteristic of gout | may occur in 1-4 joints...affected joint looks dusky and cyanotic and extremely tender...may develop tophi if chronic |
tophi | visible deposits of sodium urate crystals in joints |
collaborative management of OA | rest and joint protection, heat/cold application, nutritional therapy and exercise ( to manage weight), complementary and alternative therapies, drug therapy |
management of RA | drug therapy, nutritional therapy, reduction of inflammation, management of pain, maintenance of joint function and prevention/correction of joint deformities |
management of gout | drug therapy., limiting use of ETOH/purines, weight loss plan for obese clients, drug tx, supportive care of affective joint |
Acetaminophen | analgesic/antipyretic -> depletes substance P from nerve endings interrupting pain signals to brain |
NSAIDs | anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic -> acts by prohibiting synthesis of prostaglandins |
nursing consideration with NSAIDs | administer with food to decrease risk of GI bleed, assess for bleeding, monitor BP for elevations r/t fluid retention |
intraarticular hyaluronic acid | injected into affected joint to provide short-term lubricating effect and anti-inflammatory benefits...buffers synovial nerve endings |
disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs | anti-malarial drugs, methrotrexate, gold therapy, biologic therapy |
intra-articular or systemic corticosteroids | used to relieve inflammation to aid in symptom control |
allopurinol | blocks production of uric acid |