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Unit 4: Government

Barron's Ch.5 / Rubenstein Ch. 8

Question	Answer
A boundary line established before an area is populated	Antecedent Boundaries
Forces that tend to divide a country	Centrifugal Forces
Forces that tend to unit or bind a country together	Centripetal Forces
The expansion and perpetuation of an empire	Colonialism
Confederacy of independent states of the former Soviet Union that have united because of their common economic and administrative needs	Commonwealth of Independent States
A state that possesses a roughly circular, oval, or rectangular territory in which the distance from the geometric center is relatively equal in all directions	Compact State
A form of an international organization that brings several autonomous states together for a common purpose	Confederation
The idea that political destabilation in one country can lead to collapse of political stability in neighboring countries, starting a chain reaction of collapse	Domino Theory
Geographic seperation between the largely democratic and free market countries in Western Europe and the Americas from the Communist and Socialist countries of Eastern Europe and Asia	East/West Divide
A certain # of electors from each state proportional to and seemingly representative of that state's population. Each elector chooses a candidate believing they are representing their constituency's choice.	Electoral College
The decision of a particular state elector that represents the dominant views of that electoral's state.	Electoral Vote
A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape.	Elongated State
Any small and relatively homogeneous group or region surrounded by another larger and different group or region	Enclaves
International organization comprised of Western European countries to promote free trade among members.	European Union
A bounded territory that is part of a particular state but is seperated from it by the territory of a different state.	Exclave
A system of government in which power is distributed among certain geographical territories rather than concentrated within a central government	Federalism
A state that is not a contiguous whole but rather seperated parts	Fragmented State
An area where borders are shifting and weak and where and peoples of different cultures or nationalities meet and lay claim to the land	Frontier
Political boundaries that are defined and delimited by straight lines.	Geometric Boundaries
The study of the interplay between political relations and the territorial context in which they occur	Geopolitics
The designation of voting districts so as to favor a particular political party or candidate	Gerrymandering
Hypothesis proposed by Halford Mackinder that held that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to dominate the world	Heartland Theory
The perpetuation of a colonial empire even after it is no longer political sovereign	Imperialism
An alliance of 2 or more countries seeking cooperation with each other without giving up either's autonomy or self-determination	International Organization
A state that is completely surrounded by the land of other states, which gives it a disadvantage in terms of accessibility to and from international trade routes	Landlocked State
Law establishing states' rights and responsibilities concerning the ownership and use of the earth's seas and oceans and their resources	Law of the Sea
Hitler's expansionist theory based on a drive to acquire "living space" for the German people	Lebenstraum
A state or territory that is small in both population and area	Microstate
Tightly knit group of individuals sharing a common language, ethnicity, religion, and other cultural attributes	Nation
A sense of national pride to such an extent of exalting one nation above all others	Nationalism
A country whose population possesses a substantial degree of cultural homogeneity and unity	Nation-State
Agreement signed on January 1, 1994, that allows the opening of borders between the U.S., Mexico, and Canada	The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
An international organization that has joined together for military purposes.	North Atlantic Treaty Organization
The economic division between the wealthy countries of Europe and North America, Japan, and Australia and the generally poorer countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America	North/South Divide
The view that states resemble biological organisms with life cycles that include stages of youth, maturity, and old age	Organic Theory
An international economic organization whose member countries all produce and export oil	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
A state whose territory completely surrounds that of another state	Perforated State
Political boundaries that correspond with prominent physical features such as mountain ranges or rivers	Physical Boundaries
The spatial analysis of political phenomena and processes	Political Geography
The tally of each individual's vote within a given geographic area	Popular Vote
A state that exhibits a narrow, elongated land extension leading away from the main territory	Prorupted State
The process of a reallocation of electoral seats to defined boundaries	Reapportionment
A state whose territory is rectangular in shape	Rectangular State
The drawing of new electoral district boundary lines in response to population changes	Redistricting
Old political boundaries that no longer exist as international borders, but that have left an enduring mark on the local cultural or environmental geography	Relic Boundary
Nicholas Spykman's theory that the domination of the coastal fringes of Eurasia would provide the base for world conquest	Rimland Theory
The right of a state to rule itself autonomously	Self-Determination
Supreme or independent political power	Sovereignty
A politically organized territory that is administrated by a sovereign government and is recognized by the international community	State
Rights and powers believed to be in the authority of the state rather than the federal governnment	States' Rights
Boundary line established after an area has been settled that considers the social and cultural characteristics of the area	Subsequent Boundary
Boundary line drawn in an area ignoring the existing cultural pattern	Superimposed Boundary
Organization of 3 or more states to promote shared objects	Supranational Organization
Any dispute over land ownership	Territorial Dispute
Political organization that distributes political power in more easily governed units of land	Territorial Organization
A state whose government is either believed to be divinely guided or a state under the control of a group of religious leaders	Theocracy
A state governed constitutionally as a unit, withou internal divisions or a federalist delegation of powers	Unitary State
A global supranational organization established at the end of World War 2 to foster international security and cooperation	United Nations

Created by: elefan12

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