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Databases

Database terminology

TermDefinition
Field A block of data. When you have done some work on the computer it is stored in a file.
Record A collection of facts about one specific entry in a database. Information about a person in the telephone book is a record.
Field A specific category of data. The family name, address and telephone number in the telephone book are all fields.
Character The smallest unit of data that people can handle, and includes letters, numbers and special symbols.
Data dictionary Information about the characteristics of each item entered in the database, such as the field names, field sizes, data types and field descriptions
Data type The kind of data in the field:(text, number, currency, date, time, yes/no)
Field size The number of characters in each field.
Primary key A single key or compound key that must have a value: such as student number
Table Organises data into columns (fields) and rows (records). It will display more than one record.
Sorting The process of arranging data in a particular order: A - Z or 1 -10
Query A search of a database for records that meet a certain condition.
Report Is the formatted and organised presentation of data. Examples of reports are mailing labels, invoices, sales summaries and telephone lists.
Mail merge Combines a letter written on a word processor with data from another type of file, such as a database
Operators Represents the action to be performed in the query.
Logical operators (AND, OR, NOT) are used to combine simple queries so that a search is carried out on one or more fields.
Relational operators (=, <>, <, >, <=, >=) are characters or symbols indicating the relationship between two expressions.
DBMS Database Management System like MS Access
Form It is used to view, enter and change data in a table.
Data Integrity The reliability or accuracy of data.
Page header Displays information such as a title, column headings or any other information needed at the top of every page.
Page footer Displays information such as the date, page number or any other information the user wants at the bottom of every page.
Structured Query Language A specialised language designed to allow users to access information from the database: (SQL)
Searching The process of examining a database to retrieve or find data.
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