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colony

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1584 – Queen Elizabeth of England gives Sir Walter Raleigh the right to claim land in North America
Raleigh decides on a place called Roanoke Island, known as “The Lost Colony”
1585 – Raleigh sends his first group of settlers
The colony fails due to a difficult winter
1587 – Raleigh sends a second group the leader was John white
The colony is deserted, settlers never seen again
King James I granted a *charter to the Virginia Company of London.
The Virginia Company was a joint-stock company, in which any profits are divided amongst the stockholders
The plan was for the company's settlers to find gold and establish trade in fish and furs.
In December 1606, the company sent 144 settlers in three ships to build a new colony in North America.
They named new settlement Jamestown to honor their king
The colonists did not find gold or riches in Virginia.
The colonist faced severe hardships, including disease and hunger.
the leader was John smith
Smith built ties with and got food from the local Powhatan people and forced the settlers to work.
He said “He that will not work shall not eat.”
In late 1609, Smith was injured and had to return to England
t winter of 1609-1610 was called “the starving time”
=. The colony struggled. because The Powhatan stopped providing food.
Relations with Powhatan improved after John Rolfe married Pocahontas.
The colonists also found a way to make money for the investors
. They began growing tobacco, which saved Jamestown
and made the investors make lots of money.
Demand grew and tobacco became very profitable.
Jamestown became the first permanent the first permanent colony
The Virginia Company began giving a headright (land grant of 50 acres to settlers who paid their own way).
Colonists suffered high deaths rates, which led to labor shortages.
Tobacco led to indentured servants being brought to work on the farms.
Indentured Servants signed a contract to work for four to seven years to gain passage to America
The Virginia Company also gave the colonist the right to take part of their own government
In 1619 land-owning make colonist cast ballots for burgesses (representatives).
The burgesses helped make laws for the colony.
The House of Burgesses was the first legislature in North America elected by the people
As plantations grew, the economy of Jamestown began to expand.
Soon colonial officials began to ask for more taxes.
Nathaniel Bacon and other former indentured servants attacked some friendly American Indians as a form of protest
When the governor tried to stop Bacon, he and his followers attacked and burned Jamestown.
Bacon's Rebellion proved that the government could not ignore the demands of its people.
Seeking a safe place for Catholics facing persecution in England, Lord Baltimore formed the colony of Maryland.
Like Virginia, Maryland had many large plantations and a need for workers. Plantation owners used enslaved Africans to care for crops.
Religion was another source of conflict. The Calvert’s welcomed Protestants as well as Catholics
. Protestant settlers outnumbered Catholics.
To protect Catholics, the colony established the Act of Toleration in 1649.
The act ensured Protestants and Catholics the right to worship freely.
It was the first law supporting religious tolerance in the English colonies.
In 1663 King Charles II created a proprietary colony south of Virginia called Carolina—Latin for “Charles's land."
The colony of the Carolina did not develop as planned why in spilt into northern and southern Carolina
Carolina was founded by 8 lord Proprietors.
Two crops came to dominate Carolina agriculture rice and indigo.
Georgia, founded in 1733, was the last British colony last British colony to set up
James Oglethorpe received a charter from George II for a colony where debtors and poor people could make a fresh start.
Received many poor people and religious refugees from all over Britain.
Many settlers complained about Oglethorpe's rules, especially the limits on landholding and the bans on slave labor and rum
A frustrated Oglethorpe finally agreed to their demands. Disappointed with the colony's slow growth, he gave up and turned Georgia over to the king in 1751.
** Debtor is someone who is unable to repay their debt
13 COLONIES ESTABLISHED By 1750 the English colonies stretched for hundreds of miles along the Atlantic coast.
Created by: oiu
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